Age changes in processing speed as a leading indicator of cognitive aging
Age changes in processing speed as a leading indicator of cognitive aging
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.22.3.558
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pedersen, Nancy L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finkel, Deborah;McArdle, John J.;Pedersen, Nancy L.
采用双变量双变化评分模型对瑞典收养/孪生衰老研究的纵向数据进行比较，比较智力双分量理论和认知衰老处理速度理论的动态预测。在第一次测量时，806名年龄从50岁到88岁的参与者在16年的时间里进行了多达5次的测量。产生的因素可以挖掘4个一般认知领域：语言能力、空间能力、记忆力和处理速度。模型拟合表明，语言因素与空间因素之间不存在动态关系，不支持流体能力的年龄变化驱动结晶能力的年龄变化的假设。结果表明，正如认知衰老的加工速度理论所预测的那样，加工速度是记忆和空间能力年龄变化的领先指标。但不是语言能力。
Bivariate dual change score models were applied to longitudinal data from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging to compare the dynamic predictions of 2-component theories of intelligence and the processing speed theory of cognitive aging. Data from up to 5 measurement occasions covering a 16-year period were available from 806 participants ranging in age from 50 to 88 years at the first measurement wave. Factors were generated to tap 4 general cognitive domains: verbal ability, spatial ability, memory, and processing speed. Model fitting indicated no dynamic relationship between verbal and spatial factors, providing no support for the hypothesis that age changes in fluid abilities drive age changes in crystallized abilities. The results suggest that, as predicted by the processing speed theory of cognitive aging, processing speed is a leading indicator of age changes in memory and spatial ability. but not verbal ability.