Aging, attention, and bimanual coordination
Aging, attention, and bimanual coordination
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DOI：
10.1017/s0714980800002087
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Murdoch, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, TD;Wishart, LR;Murdoch, JE
尽管衰老通常与运动能力下降有关，但最近的证据表明，与年轻人相比，老年人在双手协调的某些指标上没有损失。本研究对这一发现的两种假设进行了比较。一种假设是基于这样的假设，即这些协调模式是自动的，相对不受衰老影响。另一种解释是，老年人保持这种水平的双手协调是以增加注意力需求为代价的。这些假设在一项实验中得到了验证，在该实验中，以两个节拍器频率(1和2赫兹)单独或一起对双手协调模式(同相和反相)进行起搏，并连续执行一项要求注意力的任务(以1赫兹的速度在两位数上加3)。研究结果为这两个假说提供了一定的支持。只有在1赫兹节拍器频率下的协调模式才支持自动视图。注意力分配假说在观察到的运动频率数据中得到了支持，因为老年人倾向于牺牲2赫兹节拍器速度下的运动频率，以保持在运动和计数任务中的表现。这些发现是与最近关于在认知任务的表现上没有年龄相关差异的情况下自动性的作用的描述相关的。
Although aging is normally associated with declines in motor performance, recent evidence suggests that older adults suffer no loss in some measures of bimanual coordination relative to younger adults. Two hypotheses for this finding were compared in the present research. One hypothesis was based on the assumption that these coordination patterns are automatic and relatively impervious to the effects of aging. An alternative explanation is that older adults maintain this level of bimanual coordination at a cost of increased attention demand. These hypotheses were tested in an experiment in which bimanual, coordination patterns (in-phase and anti-phase) were paced at two metronome frequencies (1 and 2 Hz), either alone or together, with serial performance of an attention-demanding task (adding 3s to a two-digit number at a 1 Hz pace). The results of the study provided some support for both hypotheses. The automaticity view was supported only for, the Coordination patterns at the 1 Hz metronome frequency. Support for an attention allocation hypothesis was shown in the observed-movement frequency data, as older adults tended to sacrifice movement frequency at the 2 Hz metronome pace in order to maintain performance in the movement and counting tasks. These findings are discussed relative to recent accounts of the role of automaticity in the absence of age-related differences in the performance of cognitive tasks.