On the use of benthic foraminiferal δ13C in palaeoceanography: constraints from primary proxy relationships

On the use of benthic foraminiferal δ13C in palaeoceanography: constraints from primary proxy relationships
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关于古海洋学中底栖有孔虫 Ύ´13C 的使用:主要代理关系的限制

DOI:
10.1144/sp303.9
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Mackensen
Mackensen
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mackensen

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最近的研究结果进行了审查,从现场观察的产生δ 13 C信号的活(玫瑰红染色)底栖有孔虫的外壳,并最终与化石签名的解释的影响。优势表生有孔虫的方解石测试的δ 13 C值主要反映了环境海水溶解无机碳(DIC)的δ 13 C值,而底生有孔虫记录了孔隙水信号,两者都偏离平衡方解石。在沉积物中平均生活深度最深的物种通常具有最低的δ 13 C测试值,但同一地点同种样品的δ 13 C值并不随浅底深度的增加和孔隙水δ 13 C DIC的降低而降低。沉积物表面的有机碳通量通常由底栖物种反映,因此,较低的δ 13 C值与高通量相一致,但即使是严格的表栖物种,也可能反映季节性脉冲的植物碎屑供应,由耗尽的测试δ 13 C。然而,在高生产力的环境中,溶解氧和沉积碳酸盐含量低,底栖有孔虫测试显示13 C富集可能是由于碳酸盐离子欠饱和。某些底栖动物物种δ 13 C值的个体发育增加表明,在测试生长过程中代谢速率减慢,并随着年龄的增长而减少分馏。在甲烷排放活跃的地点,底栖动物物种的δ 13 C值反映了低孔隙水δ 13 C DIC值,记录了沉积物中甲烷的活跃释放,而严格的表生动物物种的δ 13 C值降低很可能是13 C耗尽的甲烷营养生物量的结果。
Recent findings are reviewed from observations in the field on the generation of the δ 13 C signal in shells of live (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera, and end up with implications for the interpretation of fossil signatures. The δ 13 C values of calcite tests of preferentially epifaunal foraminifera principally reflect the δ 13 C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of ambient seawater, whereas infaunal species record a porewater signal, both with an offset from equilibrium calcite. Species occupying the deepest average living depth in the sediment usually exhibit lowest δ 13 C test values, but δ 13 C values of conspecific specimens at a single site do not decrease with increasing subbottom depth and decreasing porewater δ 13 C DIC. Organic carbon fluxes to the sediment surface are generally reflected by infaunal species such that lowered δ 13 C values coincide with high fluxes, but even strictly epifaunal species may reflect seasonally pulsed phytodetritus supply by depleted test δ 13 C. In high-productivity environments, however, where dissolved oxygen and sedimentary carbonate contents are low, benthic foraminiferal tests show 13 C enrichment probably due to carbonate-ion undersaturation. Ontogenetic increase in δ 13 C values of certain infaunal species suggests a slow-down of metabolic rates during test growth and decreasing fractionation with age. At sites of active methane discharge δ 13 C values of infaunal species reflect low pore water δ 13 C DIC values, documenting active methane release in the sediment, whereas lowered δ 13 C values of strictly epifaunal species are most probably the result of incorporation of 13 C depleted methanotrophic biomass.
碳酸盐离子对冰川海洋条件下壳碳和氧同位素的影响
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