Direct evidence for hula twist and single-bond rotation photoproducts.

Direct evidence for hula twist and single-bond rotation photoproducts.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-04928-9
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发表时间:
2018-06-28
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Dube H
Dube H
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gerwien A;Schildhauer M;Thumser S;Mayer P;Dube H

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光异构化反应是驱动分子机器和分子马达的典型过程,支配着智能材料、催化过程和光药理学,并且是视觉、趋光性或维生素生产的核心。尽管有如此众多的应用,但目前基本的光异构化机制尚未得到很好的理解。著名的呼啦圈扭转运动——一种单键和双键耦合的旋转——被提出来解释受限环境中的高效光开关现象,但快速的热后续反应阻碍了对初级光产物的识别。在此我们描述了一种不对称生色团,它具有四种几何上不同的非对映异构态,这些态不会发生热相互转化,并且可以分别结晶。利用这种分子设置,获得了呼啦圈扭转光反应和光诱导单键旋转的直接且确凿的证据。周围介质和温度的影响被量化,并用于促进不寻常的光反应。基于我们的发现,分子工程师将能够更有意识地实现对复杂分子运动的光控制。 光异构化机制支配着重要的(生物)催化反应,并且是许多功能材料的核心。在这里,作者报道了一种分子设置,它允许对三种基本光反应,即呼啦圈扭转、单键旋转以及双键异构化进行直接和分别的观察。
Photoisomerization reactions are quintessential processes driving molecular machines and motors, govern smart materials, catalytic processes, and photopharmacology, and lie at the heart of vision, phototaxis, or vitamin production. Despite this plethora of applications fundamental photoisomerization mechanisms are not well understood at present. The famous hula-twist motion—a coupled single and double-bond rotation—was proposed to explain proficient photoswitching in restricted environments but fast thermal follow-up reactions hamper identification of primary photo products. Herein we describe an asymmetric chromophore possessing four geometrically distinct diastereomeric states that do not interconvert thermally and can be crystallized separately. Employing this molecular setup direct and unequivocal evidence for the hula-twist photoreaction and for photoinduced single-bond rotation is obtained. The influences of the surrounding medium and temperature are quantified and used to favor unusual photoreactions. Based on our findings molecular engineers will be able to implement photo control of complex molecular motions more consciously. Photoisomerization mechanisms govern important (bio)catalytic reactions and lie at the core of many functional materials. Here, the authors report a molecular setup that allows for the direct and separate observation of three fundamental photoreactions, namely the hula twist, single-bond rotation, as well as double-bond isomerization.
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