Attention, researchers! It is time to take a look at the real world
Attention, researchers! It is time to take a look at the real world
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8721.01255
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Eastwood, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kingstone, A;Smilek, D;Eastwood, JD
注意力的理论，往往产生于人工实验室实验，可能有有限的有效性时，在自然世界中的注意力被认为是。例如，二十多年来，空间注意力的“反射性”和“意志性”转移的概念化一直基于不认识或利用人们经常使用其他人的眼睛作为丰富和复杂的注意力线索这一基本事实的方法。我们的新发现证实了这一事实，即眼睛会触发注意力的反射性转移，即使它们被集中呈现，并且已知是空间非预测性的。这种对现实世界注意力的探索也让我们发现，与流行的智慧相反，箭头像眼睛一样，能够产生注意力的反射性转移这一发现对现有的注意力研究提出了质疑。我们认为，研究需要扎根于真实的世界，而不是在实验范式。现在是认知心理学重申以与真实的生活情境相关的方式研究注意力这一艰巨任务的时候了。
Theories of attention, too often generated from artificial laboratory experiments, may have limited validity when attention in the natural world is considered. For instance, for more than two decades, conceptualizations of "reflexive" and "volitional" shifts of spatial attention have been grounded in methodologies that do not recognize or utilize the basic fact that people routinely use the eyes of other people as rich and complex attentional cues. This fact was confirmed by our novel discovery that eyes will trigger a reflexive shift of attention even when they are presented centrally and are known to be spatially nonpredictive. This exploration of real-world attention also led to our finding that, contrary to popular wisdom, arrows, like eyes, are capable of producing reflexive shifts of attention-a discovery that brings into question much of the existing attention research. We argue that research needs to be grounded in the real world and not in experimental paradigms. It is time for cognitive psychology to reaffirm the difficult task of studying attention in a manner that has relevance to real life situations.