Towards more effective strategies to reduce property level flood risk: standardising the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Towards more effective strategies to reduce property level flood risk: standardising the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
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DOI：
10.2166/aqua.2020.093
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Leinster, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casado, Monica Rivas;Leinster, Paul
有效的洪水风险管理战略需要详细了解洪水的来源、范围和影响。无人机（UAV）可以收集详细而准确的数据，用于确定洪水来源、范围、影响和财产级别的防洪措施。本文借鉴了作者的实践经验，包括在洪水事件中使用无人机。我们强调了无人机在洪水风险管理活动中的潜在用途以及相关的挑战。洪水事件的影响也将取决于一个地区在社区和财产层面的抵抗力和复原力措施方面的准备情况。我们已经研究了为什么没有更多地采用房地产层面的阻力和弹性措施的潜在原因。很明显，如果无人机要在洪水风险管理活动中发挥其潜力，就需要一种标准化的方法。我们已经确定了标准化的五大支柱，这些支柱支撑了在洪水风险管理中使用无人机的总体，目的驱动，具有成本效益的基于系统的方法。这些措施如下：（P1）部署、数据收集和与飞行有关的监管要求;（P2）数据处理、数据合并和输出;（P3）引入和使用创新方法和技术整合;（P4）利用输出促进公众参与;（P5）政策制定和治理。我们认为，拟议的方法将最大限度地提高成本效益的信息收集，简化处理结果的产生方式，并提供基于单一连贯方法的可比和可靠的洪水风险信息的基础。
Effective flood risk management strategies require a detailed understanding of the source, extent and impact of flooding. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) enable detailed and accurate data collection that can be used to determine flood source, extent, impact and the presence of property level flood resistance measures. This paper draws on the practical experience of the authors including the use of UAVs during flood events. We highlight the potential uses of UAVs in flood risk management activities and the associated challenges. The impact of a flooding event will also be dependent on how well an area is prepared in terms of community and property level resistance and resilience measures. We have looked at potential reasons why there is not a greater uptake of property level resistance and resilience measures. It is clear that a standardised approach is required if UAVs are to fulfil their potential within flood risk management activities. We have identified five pillars of standardisation that underpin an overarching, purpose-driven, cost-effective systems-based approach to the use of UAVs in flood risk management. These are as follows: (P1) deployment, data collection and flight-related regulatory requirements; (P2) data processing, data merging and outputs; (P3) the introduction and use of innovative approaches and technological integration; (P4) use of outputs for public engagement and (P5) policy development and governance. We consider that the proposed approach will maximise cost-effective information gathering, standardise the way processed outcomes are generated and provide the basis for comparable and robust flood risk information that is based on a single coherent methodology.