Inclusion of Effect Size Measures and Clinical Relevance in Research Papers.
Inclusion of Effect Size Measures and Clinical Relevance in Research Papers.
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DOI：
10.1097/nnr.0000000000000494
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发表时间：
2021-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rice M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis SL;Johnson AH;Lynch T;Gray L;Pryor ER;Azuero A;Soistmann HC;Phillips SR;Rice M
当研究人员关注并只报告研究结果的“统计意义”时，会出现多种问题。一个重要的因素，往往不包括在报告是临床相关性的讨论。作者讨论了与显著性、效应量的使用、置信度或可信区间以及在研究结果报告中纳入临床相关性相关的问题。测量的幅度，精度和相关性，如效应大小，置信区间（ci）和临床相关的影响进行了详细的描述。此外，还包括报告和评估效应量和ci的建议。举例方案提出，以说明相互作用的统计意义和临床相关性。当重要性成为临床研究报告的焦点时，可能会出现几个问题。一个问题是，即使研究结果显示出临床相关性，但对已发表作品中不重要的发现缺乏关注。另一个问题是，重要性被解释为临床相关性。同样，小样本研究的临床相关结果通常不考虑发表，因此，研究结果可能无法用于荟萃分析。研究报告中的发现应说明效应大小、临床相关性和意义。未能发表临床相关的效应和ci可能会排除将临床相关研究纳入系统评价和荟萃分析，从而限制循证实践的进步。本文中包含了一些可供研究人员生成、报告和评估量级、精度和相关性措施的可访问资源。
There are multiple issues that arise when researchers focus on and only report “statistical significance” of study findings. An important element that is often not included in reports is a discussion of clinical relevance. The authors address issues related to significance, the use of effect sizes, confidence or credible intervals, and the inclusion of clinical relevance in reports of research findings. Measures of magnitude, precision, and relevance such as effect sizes, confidence intervals (CIs), and clinically relevant effects are described in detail. Additionally, recommendations for reporting and evaluating effect sizes and CIs are included. Example scenarios are presented to illustrate the interplay of statistical significance and clinical relevance. there are several issues that may arise when significance is the focus of clinical research reporting. One issue is the lack of attention to nonsignificant findings in published works even though findings demonstrate clinical relevance. Another issue is that significance is interpreted as clinical relevance. As well, clinically relevant results from small sample studies are often not considered for publication, and, thus, findings might not be available for meta-analysis. Findings in research reports should address effect sizes and clinical relevance and significance. Failure to publish clinically relevant effects and CIs may preclude the inclusion of clinically relevant studies in systematic reviews and meta-analyses thereby limiting the advancement of evidence-based practice. Several accessible resources for researchers to generate, report, and evaluate measures of magnitude, precision, and relevance are included in this article.