Emerging Roles for Platelets in Inflammation and Disease.
Emerging Roles for Platelets in Inflammation and Disease.
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DOI：
10.4172/2332-0877.1000149
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Valance, Washington A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ferrer-Acosta, Yancy;Gonzalez, Marieli;Valance, Washington A
血小板及其与免疫系统细胞的相互作用通过多种分子机制有助于止血和炎症。这些简单但重要的细胞在淋巴细胞、单核细胞和中性粒细胞中发挥作用，在激活后募集和调节它们的功能。新的证据开始确定血小板在宿主防御中发挥关键作用的机制。例如，血小板细胞表面表达的 Toll 样受体使血小板能够引导中性粒细胞活化，形成细胞外陷阱，并促进血液病原体的消除。除了这些众所周知的受体外，最近发现的两种血小板受体，C 型凝集素受体 2 (CLEC-2) 和 TREM 样转录物-1 (TLT-1)，已被证明可以调节血小板中的止血和炎症相关作用。这篇综述将讨论我们对血小板功能从止血到炎症的理解的演变，并重点介绍血小板在炎症压力下介导止血的新机制。
Platelets and their interaction with cells of the immune system contribute through a variety of molecular mechanisms to support hemostasis and inflammation. These simple yet essential cells exert their effects in lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, both recruiting and modulating their function after activation. Emerging evidence is starting to define the mechanisms that allow platelets to also play pivotal roles in host defense. For example, platelet cell-surface expression of toll-like receptors allows platelets to direct neutrophil activation toward extracellular trap formation and facilitate the elimination of blood pathogens. In addition to these well-known receptors, two of the most recently discovered platelet receptors, C-type lectin receptor 2 (CLEC-2), and TREM-like transcript-1 (TLT-1), have been shown to modulate hemostatic and inflammation-related roles in platelets. This review will discuss the evolution of our understanding of platelet functions from hemostasis to inflammation, and highlight novel mechanisms that platelets use to mediate hemostasis under inflammatory pressure.