[Potential of organic manures nutrient resources and their environmental risk in China].
[Potential of organic manures nutrient resources and their environmental risk in China].
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发表时间：
2010-08
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通讯作者：
Xiao-yan Liu;J. Jin;T. Ren;P. He
中科院分区：
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作者：
Xiao-yan Liu;J. Jin;T. Ren;P. He
根据《中国农业年鉴2006》等文献资料，对2005年中国农作物秸秆和人、畜、禽排泄物的数量进行了估算，并对其养分资源潜力和环境风险进行了分析。2005年，全国农作物秸秆总量为6.43亿吨，人、畜、禽排泄物总量为46.25亿吨。秸秆和粪便中N、P2O5和K2O的投入量分别为28.24、12.82和2948万吨，分别是同年化肥投入量的1.08、0.86和4.56倍。有机肥养分资源分布存在较大的区域差异。粪便中N、P2O5和K2O的总量在河南、山东和四川地区均超过400万吨，但在北京、天津、上海和西北地区较少；作物秸秆中N、P2O5和K2O的总量在粮食主产区河南和山东地区均超过150万吨，但在西北地区较少。粪便中N、P2O5和K2O的单位农田负荷以北京最高（787.26 kg x hm(-2)），其次是天津（515.31 kg x hm(-2)）和上海（505.35 kg x hm(-2)），环境风险较为严重。
Based on the data from China Agriculture Yearbook 2006 and other documents, the amounts of crop straws and of the excreta from human, livestock, and poultry in China in 2005 were estimated, with the potential and the environmental risk of their nutrient resources analyzed. In 2005, the total amount of crop straws in this country was 643 million tons, and that of the excreta from human, livestock, and poultry was 4625 million tons. The amounts of N, P2O5, and K2O from the straws and the excreta were 28.24, 12.82, and 29.48 million tons, being 1.08, 0.86, and 4.56 times of the inputs from chemical fertilizers in the same year, respectively. There was a great regional difference in the distribution of the organic manures nutrient resources. The total amount of N, P2O5, and K2O in the excreta was more than 4 million tons in Henan, Shandong, and Sichuan provinces, but less in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and northwest China, while the total amount of these nutrients in crop straws was more than 1.5 million tons in Henan and Shandong provinces, the main grain production areas, but less in northwest China. The per unit farmland load of N, P2O5, and K2O from the excreta was the highest (787.26 kg x hm(-2)) in Beijing, followed by in Tianjin (515.31 kg x hm(-2)) and Shanghai (505.35 kg x hm(-2)), where the environmental risk could be more serious.