Crustacean Neurosecretory Hormones and Physiological Specificity
Crustacean Neurosecretory Hormones and Physiological Specificity
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甲壳动物神经分泌激素和生理特异性
DOI：
10.1093/icb/16.2.151
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发表时间：
1976
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
L. H. Kleinholz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. H. Kleinholz
从甲壳类动物的神经分泌因子的生理作用，检查其激素的特异性。眼柄中的高血糖激素（HGH）是一种多肽，分子量约为7,000;它可以激活磷酸化酶，抑制糖原合成酶。
四种色素效应物（远端视网膜色素、黑色素细胞、红细胞和白细胞）对分子量为2，000的肽激素（DRPH）作出响应。早期的观点（Kleinholz，1970）认为远端视网膜色素的光适应和色素细胞中色素颗粒的分散可能受同一种激素分子的调节，这一观点已被合成激素试验所证实。促红细胞团（ECH）和促白细胞团（LCH）色素的浓缩物是分子量分别为1，000和约1，500道尔顿的肽。
影响线粒体琥珀酸氧化的三个因素出现在从G-25 Sephadex洗脱的三个色谱带中，其含有DRPH、LCH和ECH，因此推测其分子大小与色素激素大致相同。这些因子中的第二种和第三种已被证明与它们最初洗脱的激素明显不同。
影响水矿物质调节，蜕皮和性腺抑制，心脏活动，呼吸频率和脂质代谢的因素进行了审查。
Physiological effects of neurosecretory factors from crustaceans are examined for their hormonal specificity. Hyperglycemic hormone (HGH) from the eyestalk is a polypeptide, molecular weight about 7,000; it may activate phosphorylase and inhibit glycogen synthetase.
Four pigmentary effectors (distal retinal pigment, melanophores, erythrophores and leucophores) respond to a peptide hormone (DRPH) having a molecular weight of 2,000. An earlier suggestion (Kleinholz, 1970) that light-adaptation of the distal retinal pigment and dispersion of pigment granules in chromatophores may be regulated by the same hormonal molecule is confirmed by test with synthetic hormone. Concentrators oferythrophore (ECH) and leucophore (LCH) pigments are peptides with respective molecular weights of 1,000 and about 1,500 daltons.
Three factors which affect succinate oxidation by mitochondria appear in the three chromatographic zones eluted from G-25 Sephadex which contain DRPH, LCH and ECH, and therefore presumably are of about the same molecular size as the pigment hormones. The second and third of these factors have been shown to be distinctly different from the hormones with which they are initially eluted.
Factors influencing hydromineral regulation, molt- and gonad-inhibition, cardiac activity, respiratory rates and lipid metabolism are reviewed.