Using the Question-Behavior Effect to Promote Disease Prevention Behaviors: Two Randomized Controlled Trials
Using the Question-Behavior Effect to Promote Disease Prevention Behaviors: Two Randomized Controlled Trials
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DOI：
10.1037/a0023036
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Sheeran, Paschal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conner, Mark;Godin, Gaston;Sheeran, Paschal
目的：检验基于问题-行为效应的干预措施在促进疾病预防行为采纳中的效果。设计图：在研究1中，来自普通公众的成年人被随机分配完成一份关于健康检查（问题-行为效应条件）或不（对照）的问卷，随后收到参加筛查的邀请。在研究2中，医疗保健专业人员被随机分配完成一份关于流感疫苗接种或不接种的问卷，随后有机会接受疫苗接种。主要结果测量：我们客观地评估了健康检查出勤率（研究1）和流感疫苗接种（研究2）。结果如下：在研究1中，意向治疗分析表明，健康检查出勤率显着较高的问题行为效应条件（68.3%）与控制条件（53.5%）相比。在研究2中，意向治疗分析表明，与对照条件（36.3%）相比，问题行为效应条件下的参与者（42.0%）中流感疫苗接种率显著较高，并且在控制人口统计学变量后，这种效应仍然存在。解释性分析表明，在这两项研究中的效果归因于完成，而不仅仅是收到问卷，并为那些积极的态度或意图的目标行为更强。结论：问题-行为效应代表了一种简单、具有成本效益的方法，可以增加公众和卫生专业人员的疾病预防行为。促进健康行为的影响进行了讨论。
Objective: To test the efficacy of interventions based on the question-behavior effect in promoting the adoption of disease prevention behaviors. Design: In Study 1, adults from the general public were randomly allocated to complete a questionnaire about health checks (question-behavior effect condition) or not (control) and later received an invitation to attend for screening. In Study 2, health care professionals were randomly allocated to complete a questionnaire about influenza vaccination or not and later had the opportunity to receive a vaccination. Main Outcome Measures: We objectively assessed health check attendance (Study 1) and influenza vaccination (Study 2). Results: In Study 1, intention-to-treat analyses indicated that health check attendance was significantly higher in the question-behavior effect condition (68.3%) compared with the control condition (53.5%). In Study 2, intention-to-treat analyses indicated that influenza vaccination was significantly higher among participants in the question-behavior effect condition (42.0%) compared with the control condition (36.3%), and this effect persisted after controlling for demographic variables. Explanatory analyses indicated that the effects in both studies were attributable to completing rather than merely receiving the questionnaire and were stronger for those with positive attitudes or intentions about the target behavior. Conclusion: The question-behavior effect represents a simple, cost-effective means to increase disease prevention behaviors among the general public and health professionals. Implications for promoting health behaviors are discussed.