Electron microscopic study on human eccrine sweat glands.
Electron microscopic study on human eccrine sweat glands.
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人体小汗腺的电子显微镜研究。
DOI：
10.1679/aohc1950.27.81
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发表时间：
1966
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Shibasaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Ito;S. Shibasaki
在对人腋窝汗腺的电子显微镜研究中，组成分泌上皮的暗细胞和透明细胞因其在分泌上皮中的位置不同而分别被命名为“浅”细胞和“基细胞”。高大的浅细胞的胞体占据表浅部分，并将主腺腔与其顶面排列在一起，而细长的基底部则延伸到基细胞之间，到达肌上皮细胞或基底膜。表浅细胞的特征是微绒毛发育不良，突入腺腔，发达的张力细丝束向不同方向排列，细胞间和基底部皱折不发达，顶端细胞质中有大量分泌空泡聚集，圆形的基细胞占据分泌上皮的基底部，不与主腺腔直接接壤。然而，它们包围了它们之间的细胞间小管，这些小管似乎在主腺腔中是空的；它们宽阔的基面要么位于肌上皮细胞，要么位于基底膜上。基底细胞的特征是大量紧密排列的微绒毛突入细胞间小管，缺乏分泌空泡，糖原颗粒含量较多，无颗粒内质网异常发达，广泛而复杂的细胞间交错和基底部折叠均显示出强烈的质膜囊化，两种分泌细胞类型之间的转化尚未得到证实。两种不同类型的分泌细胞的出现，提示人类汗腺分泌上皮存在两种不同类型的汗液产生部位。基细胞的某些细胞学特征与一些动物和鸟类的盐腺细胞的某些细胞学特征一致，支持基细胞可能是水分、钠和氯含量较高的汗液的产生部位的观点。无颗粒内质网紧密堆积在基细胞的整个细胞质中，可能参与水分和溶质从细胞外间隙到细胞间小管的运输。基细胞中的无颗粒内质网有时在其扩张的池中含有少量糖原颗粒，这一发现表明无颗粒内质网可能也在细胞内糖原代谢中起作用。浅层细胞中高尔基空泡分泌的分泌空泡以内分泌或顶分泌方式排入主腺腔。在后者的过程中，发现在乳头状顶分泌物投射的颈部形成了成对的分界膜。文中还对顶分泌投射的形成机制提出了自己的看法，描述了在两种细胞中发现的膜结合的脂滴的超微结构特征，并讨论了大的单眼脂滴的形成以及脂滴与高尔基区致密小体的关系。
In this electron microscopic study on human axillary eccrine sweat gland, the so-called dark and clear cells composing the secretory epithelium were designated as “superficial” and “basal” cells respectively, because of their different location in the secretory epithelium.The cell bodies of the tall superficial cells occupy the superficial portion and line the main gland lumen with their apical surface, whereas the slender basal parts are extended in between the basal cells to reach either to the myoepithelial cell or to the basement membrane. The superficial cells are characterized by poorly developed microvilli protruded into the gland lumen, well-developed abundant tonofilament bundles oriented in various directions, poorly developed intercellular interdigitations as well as basal infoldings, and the accumulation of the secretory vacuoles in the apical cytoplasm.The rounded basal cells occupy the basal portion of the secretory epithelium without bordering directly on the main gland lumen. They enclose, however, the intercellular canaliculi between them which seem to empty in the main gland lumen; their wide basal surface rests either on the myoepithelial cell or the basement membrane. The basal cells are characterized by a number of closely packed microvilli protruded into the intercellular canaliculus, lacking secretory vacuoles, large content of glycogen granules, extraordinarily well-developed agranular endoplasmic reticulum, and extensive and complicated intercellular interdigitation and basal infolding both of which show vigorous vesiculation of the plasma membrane.The transformation between both secretory cell types was never proved. The occurrence of two secretory cell types with distinct cytological differences suggests the existence of two loci of different kinds of sweat production in the secretory epithelium of the human eccrine sweat gland.The concordance in certain cytological features of the basal cells with the salt-gland cells of some animals and birds supports the view that the basal cells are probably the production site of sweat which is high in water, Na and Cl content. The agranular endoplasmic reticulum closely packed in the whole cytoplasm of the basal cells is supposed to participate in the transport of water and the solutes from extracellular spaces to the intercellular canaliculus.The agranular endoplasmic reticulum in the basal cells sometimes contain a small amount of glycogen granules within its dilated cisterns, a finding which suggests that the agranular endoplasmic reticulum may probably play a role also in intracellular glycogen metabolism.The secretory vacuoles elaborated from the Golgi vacuoles in the superficial cells are discharged into the main gland lumen by means of either eccrine or apocrine mode of secretion. In the process of the latter, it was discovered that the paired demarcation membrane was formed at the neck of the papillary apocrine projection. The opinion of the present authors concerning the formation mechanism of the apocrine projection was also presented.The ultrastructural properties of the membrane bounded lipid droplets found in both cell types were described and the formation of large monolocular lipid droplets and the correlation between the lipid droplets and the dense bodies elaborated in the Golgi area were also discussed.