The tangled tale of Kilauea's 2018 eruption as told by geochemical monitoring
The tangled tale of Kilauea's 2018 eruption as told by geochemical monitoring
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aaz0147
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发表时间：
2019-12-06
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Parcheta, Carolyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gansecki, Cheryl;Lee, R. Lopaka;Parcheta, Carolyn
影响喷发行为的岩浆化学变化发生在许多火山爆发期间，但典型的分析技术太慢，无法用于灾害监测。我们在2018年基拉韦厄火山爆发期间，在采集的几个小时内，使用快速能量色散x射线荧光分析来测量熔岩样本中的诊断元素。地球化学数据为现场工作人员和民政当局提供了重要信息，以提前了解火山爆发期间不断变化的危害。在快速流动的大量喷发摧毁数百座房屋的几天前，人们就认识到了更热的岩浆的出现。我们确定，在近实时的，更老，更冷，储存的岩浆之间的相互作用，包括意外喷发的安山岩和更热的岩浆在岩脉侵位交付。
Changes in magma chemistry that affect eruptive behavior occur during many volcanic eruptions, but typical analytical techniques are too slow to contribute to hazard monitoring. We used rapid energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis to measure diagnostic elements in lava samples within a few hours of collection during the 2018 Kilauea eruption. The geochemical data provided important information for field crews and civil authorities in advance of changing hazards during the eruption. The appearance of hotter magma was recognized several days before the onset of voluminous eruptions of fast-moving flows that destroyed hundreds of homes. We identified, in near real-time, interactions between older, colder, stored magma-including the unexpected eruption of andesite-and hotter magma delivered during dike emplacement.