The racing patterns of male 800 m runners of different record levels
The racing patterns of male 800 m runners of different record levels
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不同纪录级别男子800米跑运动员的比赛规律
DOI：
10.5432/jjpehss.a530211
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Morioka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hirosuke Kadono;M. Ae;Yasushi Enomoto;M. Sugita;Y. Morioka
本研究旨在探讨不同纪录水平男子800公尺跑者在跑速、步幅、步频等方面的竞赛型态特征。对参加正式比赛的49名男子800米跑运动员进行了全程录像，采样率为60 Hz。根据获得的比赛时间将他们分为四个记录组：第1组（G1），1 min 46-47 s;第2组（G2），1 min 48-49 s;第3组（G3），1 min 50-51 s;第4组（G4），1 min 52-53 s。对于所有被分析的跑步者，比赛时间与个人记录的比率不低于99%。基于通过阅读叠加在视频图像上的计时器计数器收集的时间数据，计算每100 m的平均跑步速度、步长和步频。结果表明：1）200 m前跑速达到峰值，200 m ~ 400 m跑速下降，400 m跑速基本保持或略有下降。2)在比赛的中期（120-600 m），各组之间的跑步速度差异显著。3)各组间每100 m相对跑速无显著性差异。4)根据相对跑速、步幅/身高（SL）和相对步频（SF），将其分为：（B）G1的前半优势型，平均SL和高SF;（2）G2的前半优势型，平均SL和高SF;（3）G3的后半优势型，平均SL和低SF;这些结果表明，在比赛的中期，各组之间的跑步速度差异很大，并且无论成绩水平如何，各组的相对跑步速度模式都是相似的。因此，本研究建议，实现目标时间的步伐可以通过使用相对运行速度估计。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of racing patterns in male 800-m runners with different record levels with respect to running speed, stride length and stride frequency. Forty-nine male 800-m runners in official competitions were videotaped with video cameras at a sampling rate of 60 Hz during the whole course of the race. They were divided into four record groups according to the race times obtained as follows: Group 1 (G1), 1 min 46–47 s; Group 2 (G2), 1 min 48–49 s; Group 3 (G3), 1 min 50–51 s; Group 4 (G4), 1 min 52–53 s. The ratio of the race time to the personal record was no less than 99% for all runners analyzed. The average running speed, stride length and stride frequency were calculated for every 100 m based on the temporal data collected by reading the timer counter superimposed on the video images. The main results were as follows:1) The running speed increased to a peak before 200 m, decreased from 200 m to 400 m, and was maintained or slightly decreased from 400 m to the finish. 2) Significant differences in running speed among the groups were observed in the middle stage of the race (120–600 m). 3) There were no significant differences in the relative running speed every 100 m among the groups. 4) The race patterns were classified by the relative running speed, stride length per height (SL) and relative stride frequency (SF) into a) The 1st half dominant with average SL and high SF for G1, b) The 1st half dominant with large SL and average SF for G2, c) The 2nd half dominant with average SL and low SF for G3, and d) The 2nd half dominant with low SL and high SF. These results indicate that the difference in running speed among the groups was large in the middle stage of the race, and that the pattern of the relative running speed was similar in all groups regardless of the performance level. Therefore, the present study suggests that the pace to achieve a goal time can be estimated by using the relative running speed.