Does a combined strategy outperform independent policies? Impact of incentive policies on renewable power generation
Does a combined strategy outperform independent policies? Impact of incentive policies on renewable power generation
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联合策略是否优于独立策略？
DOI：
10.1016/j.omega.2019.08.007
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Bai-Chen Xie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peng Hao;Jun-Peng Guo;Yihsu Chen;Bai-Chen Xie
基于上网电价和可再生能源组合标准的可再生能源激励措施成功地减少了发电部门的温室气体排放。虽然许多国家采取了结合这两种方法的战略，但很少有研究将其绩效与个别信托基金或RPS方法进行比较。为了评估这三种政策工具的效果，本研究将市场交易考虑在内，如向可再生和不可再生部门的净转移、RPS分配和可再生证书/信贷（REC）交换。提出了中央计划、两级管制和甄别管制三种市场结构情景来构建案例，并将社会福利纳入激励绩效指标。此外，本研究延伸到信息不对称的情况下，通过最优控制，以反映市场的现实进行比较。数值算例和反事实分析得出以下结论。首先，当可再生能源处于发展的早期阶段时，联合激励政策表现最好。第二，综合激励政策可以抵消散客或退休保障制度的剧烈波动。第三，当可再生能源的平准化成本低于不可再生能源时，RPS是一种有利的方法，而当可再生能源和不可再生能源的成本略有差异时，FIT表现良好。其关键政策含义是，沿着可再生能源发电成本的降低，可分别为社会福利、发电厂或TSO的利益采用RPS和REC交换机制或组合策略。
Incentives for renewable energy based on feed-in-tariffs (FITs) and the renewable portfolio standard (RPS) have succeeded in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the power generation sector. Although numerous countries have adopted a strategy combining both approaches, few studies compare its performance with either the individual FITs or RPS approach. To evaluate the effects of these three policy instruments, this study takes market transactions into account, such as net transfers to the renewable and non-renewable sectors, RPS allocation, and renewable certificate/credit (RECs) exchange. It proposes central planning, bi-level regulation, and regulation under screening as the three market structure scenarios to construct its cases and includes social welfare in the incentive performance index. Further, this study extends to cases of asymmetric information by means of optimal control to reflect market reality for comparison. The numerical examples and counterfactual analyses reach the following conclusions. First, a combined incentive policy performs best when renewable power is in its early stage of development. Second, an integrated incentive policy may neutralize the drastic volatility of FITs or the RPS. Third, the RPS is a favorable approach when the levelized cost of renewable energy is lower than that of non-renewable, while FITs do well when the costs of renewable and non-renewable energy differ slightly. The key policy implication is that along with the reduction in renewable energy generation costs, an RPS and RECs exchange mechanism or combined strategy might be adopted for social welfare benefits, the benefit of the power plants or the TSOs, respectively.