Children's Computation of Complex Linguistic Forms: A Study of Frequency and Imageability Effects
Children's Computation of Complex Linguistic Forms: A Study of Frequency and Imageability Effects
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0074683
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发表时间：
2013-09-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ullman, Michael T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dye, Cristina D.;Walenski, Matthew;Ullman, Michael T.
本研究调查了典型发育儿童屈折形式的储存与组成。对8-12岁的儿童进行了规则和不规则过去时形式的测试。存储（相对于组成）是通过探测过去时频率效应和可想象性效应来检验的——这两者都是存储的诊断测试——同时控制了一些混淆因素。我们还研究了性别作为一个因素。不规则的屈折形式，必须依赖于存储的表征，总是显示存储的证据（频率和/或可想象的影响），不仅在所有儿童中，而且在两性中也分别存在。相比之下，对于可以存储或组合的规则形式，只有女孩显示出存储的证据。这一模式与先前从同一任务中获得的成人数据相似，但明显的例外是，发育会影响哪些因素影响女性对常规记忆的储存：可想象性在女孩中发挥更大的作用，而在女性中发挥更大的作用。总的来说，结果表明不规则的屈折形式总是被存储（在儿童和成人中，在两性中），而规则形式既可以组合也可以存储，其存储是各种项目和主题水平因素的函数。
This study investigates the storage vs. composition of inflected forms in typically-developing children. Children aged 8-12 were tested on the production of regular and irregular past-tense forms. Storage (vs. composition) was examined by probing for past-tense frequency effects and imageability effects - both of which are diagnostic tests for storage - while controlling for a number of confounding factors. We also examined sex as a factor. Irregular inflected forms, which must depend on stored representations, always showed evidence of storage (frequency and/or imageability effects), not only across all children, but also separately in both sexes. In contrast, for regular forms, which could be either stored or composed, only girls showed evidence of storage. This pattern is similar to that found in previously-acquired adult data from the same task, with the notable exception that development affects which factors influence the storage of regulars in females: imageability plays a larger role in girls, and frequency in women. Overall, the results suggest that irregular inflected forms are always stored (in children and adults, and in both sexes), whereas regulars can be either composed or stored, with their storage a function of various item-and subject-level factors.