Point of use household drinking water filtration: A practical, effective solution for providing sustained access to safe drinking water in the developing world
Point of use household drinking water filtration: A practical, effective solution for providing sustained access to safe drinking water in the developing world
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DOI：
10.1021/es702746n
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发表时间：
2008-06-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Elliott, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sobsey, Mark D.;Stauber, Christine E.;Elliott, Mark A.
安全饮用水的缺乏给发展中国家的人们造成了腹泻病和其他使人衰弱、危及生命的疾病的巨大负担。使用点（POU）水处理技术已经成为一种方法，使无法获得安全水的人们和社区能够通过在家中处理水来改善水质。有几种POU技术可供使用，但除了煮沸之外，没有一种技术实现了持续的大规模使用。如果家庭水处理技术（HWT）要提供持续的保护，持续使用是必不可少的，但很难实现。最有效、最广泛推广和使用的污水处理厂，都是根据具体的性能和可持续性标准进行严格审查的。根据所适用的评价标准，陶瓷和生物沙家用滤水器被确定为最有效的，并且在改善家庭用水质量以减少水传播疾病和死亡方面最有可能得到广泛使用和可持续发展。
The lack of safe water creates a tremendous burden of diarrheal disease and other debilitating, life-threatening illnesses for people in the developing world. Point-of-use (POU) water treatment technology has emerged as an approach that empowers people and communities without access to safe water to improve water quality by treating it in the home. Several POU technologies are available, but, except for boiling, none have achieved sustained, large-scale use. Sustained use is essential if household water treatment technology (HWT) is to provide continued protection, but it is difficult to achieve. The most effective, widely promoted and used POU HWTs are critically examined according to specified criteria for performance and sustainability. Ceramic and biosand household water filters are identified as most effective according to the evaluation criteria applied and as having the greatest potential to become widely used and sustainable for improving household water quality to reduce waterborne disease and death.