Transmissible Tumors: Breaking the Cancer Paradigm.
Transmissible Tumors: Breaking the Cancer Paradigm.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tig.2015.10.001
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ostrander GK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ostrander EA;Davis BW;Ostrander GK
传染性肿瘤是指那些已经超越了其初始宿主的界限，通过直接转移癌细胞进化出感染另一个个体的能力，从而成为寄生性癌症克隆的肿瘤。交媾，咬，抓是两个主要物种的研究，家犬（Canis lupus familiaris）和塔斯马尼亚魔鬼（Sarcophilus harrisii）的传输机制。犬传染性性病肿瘤（CTVT）可能有数千年的历史，并已成功地在世界各地从一个宿主传播到另一个宿主，而塔斯马尼亚魔鬼面部肿瘤疾病（DFTD）则更年轻，地理位置也更局限。狗的肿瘤不一定是致命的，而魔鬼肿瘤已经使种群濒临灭绝。传染性肿瘤是一致的，因为它们具有复杂的免疫学特征，这使得它们能够逃避宿主的免疫检测，有时会持续很长一段时间。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了如何在CTVT，DFTD，以及软壳蛤和叙利亚仓鼠的可传播肿瘤可以推进肿瘤生物学研究。
Transmissible tumors are those that have transcended the bounds of their incipient hosts by evolving the ability to infect another individual through direct transfer of cancer cells; thus becoming parasitic cancer clones. Coitus, biting, and scratching are transfer mechanisms for the two primary species studied, the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) and the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii). Canine transmissible venereal tumors (CTVT) are likely thousands of years old, and have successfully travelled from host to host around the world, while the Tasmanian devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) is much younger and geographically localized. The dog tumor is not necessarily lethal, while the devil tumor has driven the population to near extinction. Transmissible tumors are uniform in that they have complex immunologic profiles, which allow them to escape immune detection by their hosts, sometimes for long periods of time. In this review we explore how transmissible tumors in CTVT, DFTD, and as well as the soft-shelled clam and Syrian hamster can advance studies tumor biology.