Impacts of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Nitrification in a Cold Climate Soil are Linked to the Bacterial Ammonia Oxidizer Community
Impacts of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Nitrification in a Cold Climate Soil are Linked to the Bacterial Ammonia Oxidizer Community
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-011-9897-5
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Liang, Yongchao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan, Fenliang;Yang, Qianbao;Liang, Yongchao
中国东北地区土壤氮循环的微生物机制尚不清楚。这些农业系统的典型特征是温度差异很大，范围从-40℃到38℃。在该地区的一个长期站点上，研究了矿肥和有机肥改型对潜在硝化速率（PNR）的影响。长期施用矿肥抑制了PNR，而粪肥处理提高了PNR。采用定量聚合酶链反应和变性梯度凝胶电泳技术对氨氧化细菌（AOB）和古细菌（AOA）群落的丰度和结构进行了分析。所有施肥处理都降低了AOA的丰度，而AOB则相反，导致AOA/AOB比降低了6 ~ 60倍。不同施肥处理的AOA群落结构变化不大，而AOB群落结构对不同施肥处理的响应较高。PNR与AOB群落结构相关，与AOA不相关。不同长期施肥制度诱导的土壤pH值、全碳和全氮含量与AOB群落结构的变化有关。结果表明，有机肥改良为选择恢复矿物肥料抑制土壤硝化作用的AOB群落类型创造了条件。
The microbiology underpinning soil nitrogen cycling in northeast China remains poorly understood. These agricultural systems are typified by widely contrasting temperature, ranging from -40 to 38A degrees C. In a long-term site in this region, the impacts of mineral and organic fertilizer amendments on potential nitrification rate (PNR) were determined. PNR was found to be suppressed by long-term mineral fertilizer treatment but enhanced by manure treatment. The abundance and structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB) and archaeal (AOA) communities were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis techniques. The abundance of AOA was reduced by all fertilizer treatments, while the opposite response was measured for AOB, leading to a six- to 60-fold reduction in AOA/AOB ratio. The community structure of AOA exhibited little variation across fertilization treatments, whereas the structure of the AOB community was highly responsive. PNR was correlated with community structure of AOB rather than that of AOA. Variation in the community structure of AOB was linked to soil pH, total carbon, and nitrogen contents induced by different long-term fertilization regimes. The results suggest that manure amendment establishes conditions which select for an AOB community type which recovers mineral fertilizer-suppressed soil nitrification.