Insights into evolutionary trends in molecular biology tools in microbial screening for biohydrogen production through dark fermentation
Insights into evolutionary trends in molecular biology tools in microbial screening for biohydrogen production through dark fermentation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.09.040
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发表时间：
2018-10
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Gopalakrishnan Kumar;Si-Kyung Cho;P. Sivagurunathan;Parthiban Anburajan;D. Mahapatra;Jeong-Hoon Park;A. Pugazhendhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gopalakrishnan Kumar;Si-Kyung Cho;P. Sivagurunathan;Parthiban Anburajan;D. Mahapatra;Jeong-Hoon Park;A. Pugazhendhi
获得清洁能源对于应对全球变暖和气候变化至关重要，只有氢才能更轻松地提供清洁能源，以确保未来的能源需求。生物氢可通过光解、水气转换反应、暗法、光发酵及两者结合等多种途径生产。与光发酵相比，暗发酵制氢（DFHP）效率高，并且利用有机废物确保农业用地和用水。几种微生物参与了通过暗发酵生产生物氢的过程，在分子水平上表征它们揭示了整体方法和理解。目前，用于微生物表征的分子工具资源有限，本文试图对先进分子技术的发展及其优缺点进行综述。了解微生物菌群的组成在DFHP中很重要，可分为纯菌群、共培养菌群、富集混合培养菌群和混合菌群。这些培养物作为分批发酵和连续发酵的种子来源，有助于了解这些方法的效率。阐述了用于微生物细胞活性定量、鉴定、检测和表征的各种分子工具（克隆、PCR-DGGE、FISH、NGS、CE-SSCP）的原理图和系统评价。最后，一个比较表概述了所讨论的每种技术的优点和缺点。这为选择合适的微生物和分子评估工具进行未来的表征提供了有价值的信息。这种分析有助于适当地识别和表征微生物群落，作为通过暗发酵生产生物氢的潜在生物催化剂。
Access to clean energy is vital to combat global warming and climate change, and nothing but hydrogen could better deliver it with ease to secure future energy needs. Biohydrogen could be produced in different routes including photolysis, water-gas shift reaction, dark, photo-fermentation and combination of both. Dark fermentative hydrogen production (DFHP) is efficient in comparison with photo-fermentation and utilizing organic waste ensures land usage and water for agriculture. Several microbes are involved in the process of biohydrogen production via dark fermentation and characterizing them at molecular level unveils holistic approach and understanding. Limited resources were available in terms of molecular tools for microbial characterization and this paper attempts to review the evolution of advanced molecular techniques including their merits and demerits. Understanding the composition of micro-flora is important in DFHP and could be classified as pure, co-cultures, enriched mixed cultures and mixed microbiota. These cultures act as seed sources for batch and continuous fermentations that help in understanding the efficiency of these methods. The schematics and systematic assessment of the various molecular tools (cloning, PCR-DGGE, FISH, NGS, CE-SSCP) for quantification, identification, detection and characterization of the microbial cell activity have been elaborated. Lastly, a comparative tabulation recapitulates the merits and drawbacks of each technique discussed. This provides valued information for choosing the right kind of microbial and molecular assessment tool for future characterization. Such analysis aids in suitable identification and characterization of microflora as potential biocatalysts for biohydrogen production through dark fermentation.