Shigella Diversity and Changing Landscape: Insights for the Twenty-First Century.
Shigella Diversity and Changing Landscape: Insights for the Twenty-First Century.
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Shigella多样性和不断变化的景观：二十一世纪的见解。
DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2016.00045
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Marteyn BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson M;Sansonetti PJ;Marteyn BS
志贺菌是大肠杆菌的致病变种，包括四个组，福氏志贺菌、宋内志贺菌、志贺菌和鲍氏志贺菌，除了宋内志贺菌之外，它们中的每一个都包括几种血清型。志贺氏菌占每年世界范围内发生的痢疾感染的大多数。志贺氏菌领域的最新进展使人们对宿主上皮细胞侵袭和免疫细胞功能操纵的分子机制有了更好的理解，主要是利用志贺氏菌。作为一个模特的弗莱克斯。宿主细胞入侵是感染过程的最后一步，因为志贺氏菌的毒力策略还依赖于其在胃肠道中的旅程中在恶劣条件下生存的能力，与宿主微生物群竞争并穿过肠粘液层。因此，不同志贺氏菌种之间的毒力策略的多样性尚未得到深入研究，这可能是了解志贺氏菌种在全球范围内流行病学传播的重要一步，也是验证新型疫苗候选物的关键方面。高通量筛选和测序方法的最新发展将促进这些复杂的比较研究。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了志贺氏菌研究领域在过去几年中采取的几个主要途径，并希望获得一些见解，仍然围绕这个重要的人类病原体的问题。
Shigella is a pathovar of Escherichia coli comprising four groups, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, and Shigella boydii, each of them, with the exception of S.sonnei, comprising several serotypes. Shigella accounts for the majority of dysentery causing infections occurring world-wide each year. Recent advancements in the Shigella field have led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host epithelial cell invasion and immune cell function manipulation, mainly using S. flexneri as a model. Host-cell invasion is the final step of the infection process, as Shigella's virulence strategy relies also on its ability to survive hostile conditions during its journey through the gastro-intestinal tract, to compete with the host microbiota and to cross the intestinal mucus layer. Hence, the diversity of the virulence strategies among the different Shigella species has not yet been deeply investigated, which might be an important step to understand the epidemiological spreading of Shigella species worldwide and a key aspect for the validation of novel vaccine candidates. The recent development of high-throughput screening and sequencing methods will facilitate these complex comparison studies. In this review we discuss several of the major avenues that the Shigella research field has taken over the past few years and hopefully gain some insights into the questions that remain surrounding this important human pathogen.