Genetic characterization, micropropagation, and potential use for arsenic phytoremediation of Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter
Genetic characterization, micropropagation, and potential use for arsenic phytoremediation of Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.010
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Guarino, Carmine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guarino, Francesco;Conte, Barbara;Guarino, Carmine
在过去的十年中，许多科学家将注意力集中在寻找新的植物物种上，这些植物物种可以通过植物修复来提高污染土壤和沃茨的修复能力。在这项研究中，种子批次从三个自然群体的粘毛藓，收获在农村，城市，和工业区的中部和南部意大利，用于：（i）评估的遗传和形态多样性的人口;（ii）开发一个有效的协议，在体外繁殖的幼苗微扦插;（iii）实现最佳驯化的微繁殖植物温室条件;（iv）测试微繁殖植物对砷（As）土壤污染的反应。遗传多样性研究，随机扩增多态DNA（RAPD）的基础上，以及从每个种群的20个幼苗的形态计量学分析，揭示了一定程度的群体间的分化。基于这些数据，最生物多样性的植物从三个群体（10行）进行克隆繁殖微繁殖，在体外生长的幼苗使用微插条。三种培养基进行了测试和Mureshige和Skoog培养基选择的幼苗生长和微繁殖。微繁殖的植物对温室条件反应良好，超过95%的植物在驯化阶段存活。四个克隆进行了测试，他们的能力，生长在土壤中掺入NaAsO2和吸收和积累的类金属。所有克隆耐受高达1.0 mg As。在试验结束时（5周），作为是检测到只有在叶片中的作为处理的植物和浓度之间的差异显着的克隆。植物（叶）中的砷含量相当于约。供应量的0.10 - 1.7%。然而，在土壤中已检测不到砷，这表明类金属已被吸收、转运并可能被植物挥发。
In the last decade, many scientists have focused their attention on the search for new plant species that can offer improved capacities to reclaim polluted soils and waters via phytoremediation. In this study, seed batches from three natural populations of Dittrichia viscosa, harvested in rural, urban, and industrial areas of central and southern Italy, were used to: (i) evaluate the genetic and morphological diversity of the populations; (ii) develop an efficient protocol for in-vitro propagation from seedling microcuttings; (iii) achieve optimal acclimatization of micropropagated plants to greenhouse conditions; (iv) test the response to arsenic (As) soil contamination of micropropagated plants. The genetic biodiversity study, based on Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), as well as the morphometric analysis of 20 seedlings from each population revealed some degree of differentiation among populations. Based on these data, the most biodiverse plants from the three populations (10 lines each) were clonally multiplied by micropropagation using microcuttings of in-vitro grown seedlings. Three culture media were tested and Mureshige and Skoog medium was chosen for both seedling growth and micropropagation. The micropropagated plants responded well to greenhouse conditions and over 95% survived the acclimatization phase. Four clones were tested for their capacity to grow on soil spiked with NaAsO2 and to absorb and accumulate the metalloid. All clones tolerated up to 1.0 mg As. At the end of the trial (five weeks), As was detectable only in leaves of As-treated plants and concentration varied significantly among clones. The amount of As present in plants (leaves) corresponded to ca. 0.10-1.7% of the amount supplied. However, As was no longer detectable in soil suggesting that the metalloid was taken up, translocated and probably phytovolatilized.