Worksite physical activity interventions
Worksite physical activity interventions
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DOI：
10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00077-4
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Shephard, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dishman, RK;Oldenburg, B;Shephard, RJ
背景：国家公共卫生目标将工作场所作为增加身体活动的干预措施的重要场所。然而，专家评论显示，没有科学共识的有效性，增加体力活动或fitness.Methods：我们判断的数量和质量现有的证据对科学标准的内部和外部的有效性的研究设计和测量的有效性。使用荟萃分析方法量化效应的大小，表示为Pearson相关系数（r）。影响的变化进行了检查，在几个功能的研究认为重要的是实施成功的工地干预。实验前的队列研究被排除在外，因为它们对体力活动的长期趋势很敏感。结果：26项研究涉及近9,000名受试者，产生了45种效应。平均效应不均匀且较小，r = 0.11（95% CI，-0.20至0.40），约为1/4 S.D.，或二项式成功率从50%增加到56%。虽然根据我们研究的一些研究特征，影响略有不同，但这些特征的水平内的影响是异质的。因此，检验的调节变量不能解释效应的变化（P > 0.05）。例外的是，效果较小的随机研究相比，研究使用准实验designs.Conclusion（P < 0.05）：我们的研究结果表明，典型的工地干预尚未表现出统计学上显着增加体力活动或健身。少数几项使用示例性样本、研究设计和结果测量的研究也产生了很小的影响或没有影响。这个主题的文献的科学质量普遍较差，排除了工作场所的干预措施不能增加身体活动或健身的判断，但这种增加仍然需要通过使用有效的研究设计和措施的研究来证明。
Background: National objectives for public health have targeted worksites as important settings for interventions to increase physical activity. However, expert reviews reveal no scientific consensus about the effectiveness of worksite interventions for increasing physical activity or fitness.Methods: We judged the quantity and quality of existing evidence against scientific standards for the internal and external validity of the research design and the validity of measurements. Meta-analytic methods were used to quantify the size of effects expressed as Pearson correlation coefficients (r). Variation in effect was examined in relation to several features of the studies deemed important for implementing successful worksite interventions. Pre-experimental cohort studies were excluded because they ale sensitive to secular trends in physical activity.Results: Twenty-six studies involving nearly 9,000 subjects yielded 45 effects. The mean effect was heterogeneous and small, r = 0.11 (95% CI, -0.20 to 0.40), approximating 1/4 S.D., or an increase in binomial success rate from 50% to 56%. Although effects varied slightly acccording to some of the study features we examined, effects were heterogeneous within levels of these features. Hence, the moderating variables examined did not explain variation in the effects (P > 0.05). The exception was that effects were smaller in randomized studies compared with studies using quasi-experimental designs (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Our results indicate that the typical worksite intervention has yet to demonstrate a statistically significant increase in physical activity or fitness. The few studies that have used an exemplary sample, research design, and outcome measure have also yielded small or no effects. The generally poor scientific quality of the literature an this topic precludes the judgment that interventions at worksites cannot increase physical activity or fitness, but such an increase remains to be demonstrated by studies using valid research designs and measures.