Trophic egg production in a subsocial shield bug, Parastrachia japonensis scott (Heteroptera: Parastrachiidae), and its functional value
Trophic egg production in a subsocial shield bug, Parastrachia japonensis scott (Heteroptera: Parastrachiidae), and its functional value
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0310.2005.01112.x
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Filippi, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hironaka, M;Nomakuchi, S;Filippi, L
雌性盾蝽Parastrachia japonensis Scott（异翅亚目：拟盾蝽科）参与广泛的双亲照顾行为，包括卵和若虫的保护和对孤寄主树Schoepfia jasminodora（Olacaceae：Rosidae：Santales）核果的逐步供给。我们注意到，每个卵块中的一些卵子未能变成粉红色，并形成指示胚胎发育的眼睛斑点，这表明它们是不育的，因此不能存活。我们还观察到新孵化的幼虫在卵块残骸上探测，可能是在进食。在本报告中，通过实地观察和实验，包括在实验室中去除这些非可行的鸡蛋，我们证明，它们的存在与若虫重量，发育率和生存在没有其他食物的情况下显着增加。因此，我们的结论是，一个额外的表现，亲照顾行为，日本对虾女性使用，以提高其繁殖成功率是生产的营养蛋。一些物理性状的营养蛋和他们在这个系统中的功能作用进行了讨论，在我们目前的理论理解的背景下，延长父母的照顾。
Females of the gregarious shield bug, Parastrachia japonensis Scott (Heteroptera: Parastrachiidae) engage in extensive parental care behaviors that include egg and nymph guarding and progressive provisioning of drupes of the solitary host tree, Schoepfia jasminodora (Olacaceae: Rosidae: Santales). We noted that some eggs in every egg mass failed to turn pink and develop eye-spots indicative of developing embryos, suggesting that they are infertile, and therefore non-viable. We also observed newly hatched nymphs probing, and presumably feeding, on the egg mass remains. In the present report, through field observations and experiments involving removal of these non-viable eggs in the laboratory, we demonstrate that their presence is correlated with significant increases in nymphal weight, developmental rate and survival in the absence of other food. Thus, we conclude that an additional manifestation of the parental care behaviors that P. japonensis females use to increase their reproductive success is the production of trophic eggs. Some physical traits of the trophic eggs and their functional role in this system are discussed in the context of our current theoretical understanding of extended parental care.