Managing resistance in Bemisia tabaci in Israel with emphasis on cotton
Managing resistance in Bemisia tabaci in Israel with emphasis on cotton
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管理以色列烟粉虱的抗性，重点关注棉花
DOI：
10.1002/ps.2780420208
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Ishaaya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Horowitz;G. Forer;I. Ishaaya
20世纪90年代初，在棉花和其他作物上引入了具有新作用机制的杀虫剂，如扑草净、吡草醚和敌草隆等，用于防治烟粉虱。为了延缓对这些新型杀虫剂和有效的常规杀虫剂的抗药性，以色列于1987年在棉田实施了抗药性管理(IRM)策略。主要目的是消除对现有有效杀虫剂的抗药性，并通过优化使用和在天敌活性高峰期保护天敌来延长新杀虫剂的寿命。实施了轮换方案，使用不同作用模式的杀虫剂，根据相关害虫的世代持续时间轮换。该战略包括解释和教育运动，并伴随着全年在温室和棉田夏季开展的广泛的抗药性监测方案。对棉田采集的烟粉虱的生物测定表明，在棉田进行为期一个月的吡虫菊酯处理，然后再加用扑草净(如果需要的话)，并不能显著改变烟粉虱对这两种化合物的敏感性。此外，尽管棉花季节的敏感性发生了一些变化，但没有观察到对现有常规杀虫剂的抗性明显增加。在一些没有IRM计划的温室里，在每个季节使用两到三次这种化合物后，对Buprofezin的抗性增加了约十倍。在温室中连续三次使用该化合物后，记录到对吡丙草醚的抗性增加了约500倍。这些发现证明了在开阔的田地和温室中实施IRM战略的必要性。
At the beginning of the 1990s, insecticides with novel modes of action, such as buprofezin, pyriproxyfen and diafenthiuron, were introduced for controlling the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton and other crops. In order to delay the onset of resistance to these novel insecticides, as well as to the efficient conventional ones, an insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategy was implemented in 1987 in cotton fields in Israel. The main purposes have been to combat resistance to available, efficient insecticides and to prolong the life-span of new insecticides by optimizing their use and preserving natural enemies during the peak of their activity. A rotation programme was applied, using insecticides of different modes of action, rotated according to the generation duration of the relevant pests. The strategy included explanatory and educational campaigns, and was accompanied by an extensive resistance monitoring programme conducted throughout the year in greenhouses and during the summer in cotton fields. Bioassays of whiteflies collected from cotton fields indicated that one treatment with pyriproxyfen in cotton fields during a one-month period, followed by an additional treatment with buprofezin (if required), did not markedly alter the susceptibility of B. tabaci to either compound. In addition, no appreciable increase of resistance to the available conventional insecticides was observed, although some changes in susceptibility were noticed during the cotton season. In some greenhouses without an IRM programme, a c.tenfold increase in resistance to buprofezin was found after two or three applications of this compound in each season. A c.500-fold increase of resistance to pyriproxyfen was recorded after three successive applications of this compound in a greenhouse. These findings demonstrate the necessity for an IRM strategy to be implemented in both open fields and greenhouses.