Trends in airborne pollen: An overview of 21 years of data in Neuchatel (Switzerland).
Trends in airborne pollen: An overview of 21 years of data in Neuchatel (Switzerland).
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DOI：
10.1023/b:aero.0000006572.53105.17
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Clot, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clot, Bernard
自 1979 年起，瑞士纳沙泰尔就开始进行空气花粉分析。在花粉过敏日益流行和全球气候变暖的背景下，本研究试图确认空气花粉是否是前者的原因或预示后者，并介绍了瑞士西部花粉飞行的一些一般特征。最常见的花粉类型是红豆杉科/柏科、栎属、禾本科、松属、桦木、荨麻科和水曲柳属。在21年的研究中，花粉丰度没有发生重大变化。在所研究的 25 个类群中，只有 5 个呈现出显着的趋势：赤杨属、豚草属、蒿属和红豆杉科/柏科类的花粉量增加，而榆属的花粉量减少。冬季和春季开花的植物物种受到 20 世纪 90 年代暖冬的影响：如今，71% 的花粉季节开始或结束的日期明显提前。观测到的提前量达到 0.84 天/年。树木对气候变化的反应似乎比草和杂草更强。没有一种花粉类型呈现出较长的季节，因此趋势似乎是花粉在空气中存在的时间发生变化。这些观察结果表明，工业化国家花粉病流行率急剧增加的主要原因可能不是花粉丰度上升的微弱趋势，除了某些特定的花粉类型可以拓宽一个地区存在的主要过敏原的谱和/或增加丰度。然而，空气中的花粉被证实是气候变化的敏感指标。观察到的花粉季节的变化使得关注花粉过敏的人们需要获得足够的信息，特别是出于预防和治疗目的。
Airborne pollen analysis has been carried out in Neuchatel (Switzerland) since 1979. In the context of increasing prevalence of pollen allergies and global climate warming, this study attempts to confirm whether airborne pollen may be responsible for the former or indicative of the latter, and presents some general features of pollen flight in western Switzerland. The most common pollen types are Taxus/Cupressaceae, Quercus, Poaceae, Pinus, Betula, Urticaceae and Fraxinus. During the 21 years studied, there was no major change in the abundance of pollen. Among the twenty-five taxa studied only five presented a significant trend: an increase of pollen quantities was observed for Alnus, Ambrosia, Artemisia and Taxus/Cupressaceae and a decrease for Ulmus. The plant species flowering in winter and in spring were influenced by the mild winters of the 1990s: 71% of the dates of the onset or the end of the pollen seasons nowadays occur significantly earlier in the year. The observed advance reaches 0.84 days/year. Trees appear to react stronger to the climate change than grass and weeds. No pollen type present a prolonged season, so the trend appears to be towards a shift in the timing of pollen presence in the air. These observations show that the main cause of the spectacular increase of pollinosis prevalence in industrialised countries is probably not to be found in the weak tendency towards a rise of pollen abundance, except for some particular pollen types which can broaden the spectra and/or intensify the abundance of major allergens present in an area. However, airborne pollen is confirmed to be a sensitive indicator of climate change. The observed shifts in the pollen seasons make necessary the adequate information for people concerned with pollen allergies, in particular for prevention and therapy purposes.