Interstellar Turbulence II: Implications and Effects
Interstellar Turbulence II: Implications and Effects
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.astro.42.120403.143327
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发表时间：
2004-04
影响因子：
33.3
通讯作者：
J. Scalo;B. S. I. O. Astronomy;U. Texas;Ibm T.J. Watson Research Center
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Scalo;B. S. I. O. Astronomy;U. Texas;Ibm T.J. Watson Research Center
星际湍流对元素的分散和混合、云化学、宇宙射线散射和通过电离介质的无线电波传播具有影响。本文讨论了这些效应的观测结果和理论。综述了金属丰度波动，评述了被动示踪剂的湍流输运理论。讨论了模拟方法、尘埃颗粒的湍流浓度以及径向丰度梯度的湍流冲刷。星际化学受到具有不同物理性质的环境之间各种物质的湍流输运、激波中的湍流加热、涡旋耗散区和增强的双极扩散局部区域的影响。宇宙射线在动荡的电磁波和冲击中被散射和加速，它们在其陀螺半径的范围内产生湍流。无线电波闪烁是电离介质中小尺度湍流的重要诊断手段，它能提供关于…
▪ Abstract Interstellar turbulence has implications for the dispersal and mixing of the elements, cloud chemistry, cosmic ray scattering, and radio wave propagation through the ionized medium. This review discusses the observations and theory of these effects. Metallicity fluctuations are summarized, and the theory of turbulent transport of passive tracers is reviewed. Modeling methods, turbulent concentration of dust grains, and the turbulent washout of radial abundance gradients are discussed. Interstellar chemistry is affected by turbulent transport of various species between environments with different physical properties and by turbulent heating in shocks, vortical dissipation regions, and local regions of enhanced ambipolar diffusion. Cosmic rays are scattered and accelerated in turbulent magnetic waves and shocks, and they generate turbulence on the scale of their gyroradii. Radio wave scintillation is an important diagnostic for small-scale turbulence in the ionized medium, giving information abou...