Effects of congenital hearing loss and cochlear implantation on audiovisual speech perception in infants and children
Effects of congenital hearing loss and cochlear implantation on audiovisual speech perception in infants and children
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DOI：
10.3233/rnn-2010-0522
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Miyamoto, Richard T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergeson, Tonya R.;Houston, Derek M.;Miyamoto, Richard T.
目的：耳蜗植入术最近已成为一种用于重度听力障碍幼儿的干预策略。事实上，6个月大的婴儿现在正在接受人工耳蜗植入（CI），甚至更小的婴儿也正在安装助听器（HA）。由于早期视听经验可能对言语感知的正常发展很重要，因此研究一段时间的听觉剥夺和放大类型对婴儿和儿童多模态感知过程的影响很重要。本研究的目的是调查听力正常（NH）婴儿和儿童以及具有相似实足年龄的CI和HA的聋哑婴儿和儿童的视听感知技能。我们使用了一个多通道优先期待范式来呈现同一个女人的脸，（“judge”和“back”）在电视监视器的两侧上以时间同步的方式，沿着其中一个单词的听觉呈现。结果：结果表明，NH婴幼儿和儿童自发地将听觉和视觉信息匹配在口语中，聋儿和HAs儿童不能整合听觉和视觉信息;聋儿和认知障碍儿童最初不能整合视听信息，但在言语中逐渐匹配听觉和视觉信息。这些结果表明，一段时间的听觉剥夺影响多模态感知过程，可能开始发展正常后，几个月的听觉经验。
Purpose: Cochlear implantation has recently become available as an intervention strategy for young children with profound hearing impairment. In fact, infants as young as 6 months are now receiving cochlear implants (CIs), and even younger infants are being fitted with hearing aids (HAs). Because early audiovisual experience may be important for normal development of speech perception, it is important to investigate the effects of a period of auditory deprivation and amplification type on multimodal perceptual processes of infants and children. The purpose of this study was to investigate audiovisual perception skills in normal-hearing (NH) infants and children and deaf infants and children with CIs and HAs of similar chronological ages.Methods: We used an Intermodal Preferential Looking Paradigm to present the same woman's face articulating two words ("judge" and "back") in temporal synchrony on two sides of a TV monitor, along with an auditory presentation of one of the words.Results: The results showed that NH infants and children spontaneously matched auditory and visual information in spoken words; deaf infants and children with HAs did not integrate the audiovisual information; and deaf infants and children with CIs initially did not initially integrate the audiovisual information but gradually matched the auditory and visual information in spoken words.Conclusions: These results suggest that a period of auditory deprivation affects multimodal perceptual processes that may begin to develop normally after several months of auditory experience.