Surface Coating-Dependent Cytotoxicity and Degradation of Graphene Derivatives: Towards the Design of Non-Toxic, Degradable Nano-Graphene
Surface Coating-Dependent Cytotoxicity and Degradation of Graphene Derivatives: Towards the Design of Non-Toxic, Degradable Nano-Graphene
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表面涂层依赖性细胞毒性和石墨烯衍生物的降解：面向无毒、可降解纳米石墨烯的设计
DOI：
10.1002/smll.201303234
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Liu, Zhuang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yingjie;Feng, Liangzhu;Liu, Zhuang
随着石墨烯及其衍生物在生物医学领域的应用日益浓厚，系统评估其对生物系统的潜在风险和影响变得至关重要。在这项工作中，我们仔细研究了表面涂层如何影响氧化石墨烯（GO）及其衍生物的细胞毒性和细胞外生物降解行为。尽管裸露的GO可能对巨噬细胞产生显着的毒性，但用聚乙二醇（PEG）或牛血清白蛋白（BSA）等生物相容性大分子涂覆这些二维纳米材料可以大大减弱它们的毒性，多种不同的测定方法独立证明了这一点。另一方面，虽然GO可以通过辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）的酶诱导氧化逐渐降解，但PEG和BSA包被的GO或还原GO（RGO）都对HRP诱导的生物降解具有相当的抵抗力。为了获得具有生物相容性且仍可被酶降解的功能化GO，我们通过可裂解的二硫键将PEG与GO缀合，得到毒性可忽略不计且可降解的GO-SS-PEG，有望进一步应用于生物医学领域。
With the increasing interests of using graphene and its derivatives in the area of biomedicine, the systematic evaluation of their potential risks and impacts to biological systems is becoming critically important. In this work, we carefully study how surface coatings affect the cytotoxicity and extracellular biodegradation behaviors of graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives. Although naked GO could induce significant toxicity to macrophages, coating those two-dimensional nanomaterials with biocompatible macromolecules such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) could greatly attenuate their toxicity, as independently evidenced by several different assay approaches. On the other hand, although GO can be gradually degraded through enzyme induced oxidization by horseradish peroxidase (HRP), both PEG and BSA coated GO or reduced GO (RGO) are rather resistant to HRP-induced biodegradation. In order to obtain biocompatible functionalized GO that can still undergo enzymatic degradation, we conjugate PEG to GO via a cleavable disulfide bond, obtaining GO-SS-PEG with negligible toxicity and considerable degradability, promising for further biomedical applications.