Prenatal exposure to air pollution and neurodevelopmental delay in children: A birth cohort study in Foshan, China.
Prenatal exposure to air pollution and neurodevelopmental delay in children: A birth cohort study in Foshan, China.
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产前空气污染暴露与儿童神经发育迟缓：中国佛山的出生队列研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151658
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zilong Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xi Su;Shiyu Zhang;Qingmei Lin;Yinling Wu;Yin Yang;Hong;Saijun Huang;Weidong Luo;Xing Wang;Hualiang Lin;Liming Ma;Zilong Zhang
研究背景产前空气污染暴露可能对儿童神经发育产生不良影响，但流行病学证据尚不明确。目的探讨产前空气污染暴露与神经发育迟缓的关系。方法采用出生队列研究方法，以佛山市中国为研究对象，以孕期和出生登记处为基础进行出生队列研究。使用时空模型估计每个妇女在怀孕期间(怀孕1、2、3个月和整个怀孕期间)暴露于空气动力学直径为1μm、2.5μm、10μm(PM1、PM2.5、PM10)、二氧化氮(NO2)和二氧化硫(SO2)的颗粒物。神经发育评估由儿科医生使用五领域量表进行，并计算发育商(DQ)作为全球衡量标准。应用Logistic回归模型分析产前空气污染暴露与神经发育迟缓的关系，并对可能的混杂因素进行调整。结果共纳入15,778对母子组合，包括1013名神经发育迟缓儿童。我们观察到，出生前暴露于空气污染与儿童神经发育迟缓的风险较高之间存在正相关。在整个妊娠期间，PM1、PM2.5、PM10、NO2和SO2每升高10μg/m3的调整优势比(OR)分别为1.12[95%可信区间：1.01、1.25]、1.15(95%可信区间：1.03、1.29)、1.12(95%可信区间：1.02、1.24)、1.06(95%可信区间：0.94、1.19)和1.58(95%可信区间：1.11、2.23)。孕期暴露于空气污染，特别是孕中期暴露于空气污染与幼儿神经发育迟缓的风险增加有关，提示其在生命早期对神经发育有不良影响。
BackgroundPrenatal exposure to air pollution may have adverse effects on neurodevelopment in children, but epidemiological evidence remains inconclusive.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between prenatal air pollution exposure and neurodevelopmental delay.MethodsWe conducted a birth cohort study based on pregnancy and birth registry in Foshan, China. Exposure to particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter < 1 μm, 2.5 μm, 10 μm (PM1, PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) over pregnancy (trimester 1, 2, 3 and entire pregnancy) was estimated at each woman's residential address using spatial-temporal models. Neurodevelopmental assessment was performed by pediatricians using a five-domain scale and developmental quotient (DQ) was calculated as a global measure. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between prenatal air pollution exposure and neurodevelopmental delay (DQ < 75) with adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsWe included 15,778 child-mother pairs in this analysis, including 1013 children with neurodevelopmental delay. We observed positive associations between prenatal exposure to air pollution and higher risk of neurodevelopmental delay in children. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) per 10 μg/m3elevation in PM1, PM2.5, PM10, NO2and SO2in entire pregnancy were 1.12 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.25], 1.15 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.29), 1.12 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.24), 1.06 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.19) and 1.58 (95% CI: 1.11, 2.23), respectively. The associations were more robust for trimester 1 and trimester 2, especially trimester 1.ConclusionsExposure to air pollution during pregnancy, especially early-to-mid pregnancy, was associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental delay in young children, indicating its adverse neurodevelopmental effects in early-life stage.