Comments on Triassic pterosaurs with discussion about ontogeny and description of new taxa
Comments on Triassic pterosaurs with discussion about ontogeny and description of new taxa
复制标题
DOI：
10.1590/0001-3765201520150307
复制
发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kellner, Alexander W.A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kellner, Alexander W.A.
Eudimorphodon ranzii是第一个被描述的三叠纪翼龙，有几个标本被认为是这个分类群，主要是基于多尖齿的存在。由于在其他几种翼龙中也观察到了这种牙齿特征，对一些被归为真双形龙的标本的修订表明，它们代表了如下新的分类群：Arcticodactylus cromptonellus（comb. nov.），Dallavecchiai（Gen. et sp. nov.）和Bergamodactylus wildi（gen. et sp. nov.）。翼龙的个体发育的初步分析导致识别六个不同的个体发育阶段（OS 1 -6）。根据这一分类，Arcticodactylus cromptonellus的正模已达到OS 2，虽然个体发育上比其他动物年轻得多，但明显的解剖学差异导致其被排除在Eudimorphodon之外。Dallavecchiai、Bergamodactylus wildi和Carniadactylus rosenfeldi的全模至少已达到OS 5，这表明它们之间的解剖学差异不能用个体发育来解释。此外，Bergamodactylus wildi达到了Carniadactylus rosenfeldi最大翼展的60%，并进一步同意这些标本收集在不同的三叠纪欧洲岛屿不是同种的。目前的研究增加了三叠纪飞行爬行动物的多样性，并进一步将这一分支的起源至少推回到中三叠世。
Eudimorphodon ranzii was the first Triassic pterosaur to be described and several specimens have been referred to this taxon mainly based on the presence of multicuspid teeth. Since this dental feature has been observed in several other pterosaurs, the revision of some specimens assigned to Eudimorphodon shows that they represent new taxa as follows: Arcticodactylus cromptonellus (comb. nov.), Austriadraco dallavecchiai (gen. et sp. nov.) and Bergamodactylus wildi (gen. et sp. nov.). A preliminary analysis of pterosaur ontogeny resulted in the recognition of six distinct ontogenetic stages (OS1-6). According to this classification, the holotype of Arcticodactylus cromptonellus has reached OS2, and although being ontogenetically much younger than others, the conspicuous anatomical differences lead to its exclusion from Eudimorphodon. The holotypes of Austriadraco dallavecchiai, Bergamodactylus wildi and Carniadactylus rosenfeldi have reached at least OS5, which demonstrates that the anatomical differences among them cannot be explained by ontogeny. Moreover, Bergamodactylus wildi reaches about 60% of the maximized wingspan of Carniadactylus rosenfeldi and further concurs that these specimens collected in distinct Triassic Islands of Europe are not conspecific. The present study increases the diversity of Triassic flying reptiles and further pushes the origins of this clade back to at least the Middle Triassic.