Cooling Bose-Einstein condensates below 500 picokelvin
Cooling Bose-Einstein condensates below 500 picokelvin
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1088827
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发表时间：
2003-09-12
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Ketterle, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leanhardt, AE;Pasquini, TA;Ketterle, W
自旋极化的气态玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体受到引力和磁力的共同作用。部分冷凝的原子蒸气通过减弱重力-磁阱的平均频率到1赫兹而被蒸发减压，然后蒸发减小到2500个原子。这将凝结物的密度降低到每立方厘米5 × 10（10）个原子，并将整个云在所有三维空间中冷却到450 +/- 80皮开尔文的动力学温度。这种自旋极化、稀释和超冷的气体对于光谱学、计量学和原子光学是重要的。
Spin-polarized gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates were confined by a combination of gravitational and magnetic forces. The partially condensed atomic vapors were adiabatically decompressed by weakening the gravito-magnetic trap to a mean frequency of 1 hertz, then evaporatively reduced in size to 2500 atoms. This lowered the peak condensate density to 5 x 10(10) atoms per cubic centimeter and cooled the entire cloud in all three dimensions to a kinetic temperature of 450 +/- 80 picokelvin. Such spin-polarized, dilute, and ultracold gases are important for spectroscopy, metrology, and atom optics.