Genome expansion in early eukaryotes drove the transition from lateral gene transfer to meiotic sex

Genome expansion in early eukaryotes drove the transition from lateral gene transfer to meiotic sex
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早期真核生物的基因组扩张推动了从横向基因转移到减数分裂的转变

DOI:
10.1101/2020.03.21.001685
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Colnaghi M
Colnaghi M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Colnaghi M

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原核生物通过横向基因转移(LGT)从环境中获取基因。环境DNA的重组可以防止有害突变的积累,但LGT被第一批真核生物为了有性生殖而放弃。在这里,我们建立了一个单倍体群体经历LGT的理论模型,其中包括两个新的参数,基因组大小和重组长度,这是以前的理论模型所忽略的。真核生物更大的复杂性与更大的基因组有关,我们证明LGT的好处随着基因组的大小而迅速下降。较大基因组的退化只能通过重组长度的增加来抵抗,重组长度的增加与基因组大小的顺序相同-就像减数分裂中发生的那样。我们的研究结果可以解释真核生物早期进化中有性细胞融合和相互重组的强大选择压力-减数分裂性的起源。
Prokaryotes acquire genes from the environment via lateral gene transfer (LGT). Recombination of environmental DNA can prevent the accumulation of deleterious mutations, but LGT was abandoned by the first eukaryotes in favour of sexual reproduction. Here we develop a theoretical model of a haploid population undergoing LGT which includes two new parameters, genome size and recombination length, neglected by previous theoretical models. The greater complexity of eukaryotes is linked with larger genomes and we demonstrate that the benefit of LGT declines rapidly with genome size. The degeneration of larger genomes can only be resisted by increases in recombination length, to the same order as genome size – as occurs in meiosis. Our results can explain the strong selective pressure towards the evolution of sexual cell fusion and reciprocal recombination during early eukaryotic evolution – the origin of meiotic sex.
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