Walking while memorizing: Age-related differences in compensatory behavior
Walking while memorizing: Age-related differences in compensatory behavior
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-9280.00341
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Baltes, PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, KZH;Lindenberger, U;Baltes, PB
本研究调查了选择，优化和补偿寿命理论的预测，重点是在年轻人和老年人的双重任务性能的不同模式的任务优先级。认知（记忆）和感觉运动（走一条狭窄的轨道）的性能进行了测量，单独，同时，当任务难度被操纵。外部援助的使用进行了测量，以提供另一个指标的任务优先级。在双任务测试之前，参与者接受了每个组成任务和外部援助的广泛培训。双重任务成本的年龄差异在记忆表现方面比在步行方面更大，这表明老年人优先考虑步行而不是记忆。此外，当选择使用补偿性外部辅助工具时，老年人优化了步行，而年轻人优化了记忆表现。这些结果对认知和感觉运动老化的系统理论，以及辅助设备和环境支持对老年人的成本和收益具有广泛的影响。
This study investigated predictions of the life-span theory of selection, optimization, and compensation, focusing on different patterns of task priority during dual-task performance in younger and older adults. Cognitive (memorizing) and sensorimotor (walking a narrow track) performance were measured singly, concurrently, and when task difficulty was manipulated. Use of external aids was measured to provide another index of task priority. Before dual-task testing, participants received extensive training with each component task and external aid. Age differences in dual-task costs were greater in memory performance than in walking, suggesting that older adults prioritized walking over memory. Further, when given a choice of compensatory external aids to use, older adults optimized walking, whereas younger adults optimized memory performance. The results have broad implications for systemic theories of cognitive and sensorimotor aging, and the costs and benefits of assistive devices and environmental support for older populations.