Female Control of Offspring Sex Ratios Based on Male Attractiveness in the Guppy
Female Control of Offspring Sex Ratios Based on Male Attractiveness in the Guppy
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01767.x
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发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
A. Sato;K. Karino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Sato;K. Karino
性别分配假说预测，雌性根据配偶吸引力来操纵后代的性别比例。尽管有越来越多的证据支持这一预测，但父亲的影响可能经常掩盖女性控制后代性别比例与男性吸引力之间的关系。在这项研究中，我们研究了雌性是否在基于雄性吸引力的后代性别比例的操纵中发挥了主要作用，孔雀鱼是一种活生生的鱼类。我们通过控制男性的相对性吸引力来排除父性影响，方法是将它们与更有吸引力或更不吸引人的刺激男性一起呈现给女性。当测试的男性与不那么吸引人的刺激男性一起展示时，女性会觉得它相对更有吸引力，反之亦然。随后，试验雄性与两只雌性交配了两个不同的角色(相对更有吸引力和不那么有吸引力)。如果雌性负责操纵后代的性别比例，则会根据受试雄性的相对吸引力来改变幼崽的性别比例。另一方面，如果男性在后代性别比例操纵中扮演主要角色，性别比例将与测试男性的相对吸引力没有什么不同。我们发现，当雌性在有吸引力的角色中与测试雄性交配时，比在不那么有吸引力的角色中与雄性交配时，它们会产生更多偏向男性的幼崽。这一发现表明，雌性对根据配偶的吸引力操纵后代性别比例负有责任。
The sex allocation hypothesis predicts that females manipulate the offspring sex ratios according to mate attractiveness. Although there is increasing evidence to support this prediction, it is possible that paternal effects may often obscure the relationship between female control of offspring sex ratios and male attractiveness. In the present study, we examined whether females played a primary role in the manipulation their offspring sex ratios based on male attractiveness, in the guppy Poecilia reticulata, a live-bearing fish. We excluded the paternal effects by controlling the relative sexual attractiveness of the male by presenting them to the females along with a more attractive or less attractive stimulus male. The test male was perceived to be relatively more attractive by females when it was presented along with a less attractive stimulus male, or vice versa. Subsequently, test male was mated in two different roles (relatively more and less attractive) with two females. If females were responsible for offspring sex ratio manipulation, the sex ratio of the brood would be altered on the basis of the relative attractiveness of the test male. On the other hand, if males play a primary role in offspring sex ratio manipulation, the sex ratios would not differ with the relative attractiveness of the test male. We found that females gave birth to more male-biased broods when they mated with test males in the attractive role than when they mated with males in the less attractive role. This finding suggests that females are responsible for the manipulation of offspring sex ratios based on the attractiveness of their mates.