Domestic politics and international expertise in the history of American disability policy.
Domestic politics and international expertise in the history of American disability policy.
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美国残疾人政策史上的国内政治和国际专业知识。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Edward D. Berkowitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Edward D. Berkowitz
美国残疾人政策的设计师在新政的早期部分模仿了英国和德国的社会保险计划。此后，社会规划者未能调整欧洲的人力和收入维持计划，以获得美国立法者的批准。规划者和立法者之间的不信任、联邦内部的官僚竞争、国会对特定利益的回应以及复兴的联邦主义，都在政治上阻碍了社会保障成为一个成熟的社会保险计划。公共/私营部门的联系、法院诉讼和非自愿主义构成了美国援助残疾人的其他突出手段。
Architects of American disability policy partly emulated British and German social insurance programs through the New Deal's early years. Thereafter, social planners failed to tailor European manpower and income-maintenance programs to gain American lawmakers' approval. Distrust between the planners and legislators, intrafederal bureaucratic competition, congressional responsiveness to particular interests, and revitalized federalism all politically hindered Social Security from becoming a full-fledged social insurance program. Public/private-sector linkages, court actions, and voluntaryism constitute other salient American means of aiding persons with disabilities.