The Foreign Dependence Question
The Foreign Dependence Question
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DOI：
10.1086/260565
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发表时间：
1977-04
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
G. Tolley;John D. Wilman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Tolley;John D. Wilman
禁运的可能性导致私人进行调整以减少消费并扩大生产，使得消费的边际价值提升幅度小于生产的边际价值提升幅度。如果存在失业或外交政策外部性，就存在一个最优关税，它与对外依赖程度成正比，与外部禁运损失的弹性成反比，与禁运的可能性成正比，并且更复杂地取决于其他参数。储备应该将禁运价格的上涨限制在储存的单位成本除以禁运频率。在禁运频率较低的情况下，基于储备标准的价格上涨可能会比没有储备时更大，那么储备就是不合理的。
An embargo probability leads to private adjustments to curtail consumption and expand production, raising marginal value of consumption less than of production. If there are unemployment or foreign policy externalities, there is an optimal tariff which is proportional to foreign dependence, is inversely proportional to elasticity of external embargo loss, varies directly with embargo probability, and depends more complexly on other parameters. Stockpiling should limit embargo price rise to unit cost of storage divided by embargo frequency. With low embargo frequency, the price rise based on the stockpiling criterion may be greater than with no stockpiling. is then unwarranted.