Discrimination Against Ethnic Minorities in Activation Programme? Evidence from a Vignette Experiment
Discrimination Against Ethnic Minorities in Activation Programme? Evidence from a Vignette Experiment
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启动计划是否歧视少数族裔？
作者：
L. I. Terum;Gaute Torsvik;Einar Øverbye
摘要：我们进行了一个小插曲实验，涉及470名挪威一线工人，调查他们的决定是否制裁不遵守激活要求的福利申请人的种族不同。这是欧洲在执行激活方案方面首次进行的关于族裔歧视的小插曲实验。这项研究表明，一线工作人员并没有比挪威本土姓名的索赔人更经常地批准使用北非姓名的索赔人。然而，在具有相关激活方案经验的一线工作人员中，具有北非姓名的男性索赔人受到制裁的次数少于具有挪威本土姓名的男性索赔人。因此，我们发现经验丰富的一线工人存在一定程度的反向歧视。这一发现与美国一项类似的小插曲实验相反，该实验发现了对少数族裔姓名申请人的歧视（而不是反向歧视）。最有可能的解释的差异涉及不同的制度文化背景下，挪威和美国的社会政策方案运作。
Abstract We conducted a vignette experiment involving 470 Norwegian front-line workers to investigate whether their decisions to sanction non-compliance of activation requirements varied with the ethnicity of the welfare claimant. This is the first vignette experiment on ethnic discrimination in the administration of activation programmes in Europe. The study shows that front-line workers did not sanction claimants with a North African name more often than claimants with a native Norwegian name. However, among front-line workers who had experience with the relevant activation programme, a male claimant with a North African name was sanctioned less often than a male claimant with a native Norwegian name. Thus, we find some degree of reverse discrimination on the part of experienced front-line workers. This finding is contrary to a similar US vignette experiment that detected discrimination (not reverse discrimination) with regard to claimants with an ethnic minority name. The most likely explanation for the difference concerns the different institutional-cultural contexts within which Norwegian and US social policy programmes operate.