Body size in Drosophila: genetic architecture, allometries and sexual dimorphism
Body size in Drosophila: genetic architecture, allometries and sexual dimorphism
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DOI：
10.1038/hdy.2008.117
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Fanara, J. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carreira, V. P.;Mensch, J.;Fanara, J. J.
尽管已经取得了实质性的进展，阐明生理和环境因素的基础上的身体大小的差异，很少有人知道它的遗传结构。此外，所有动物物种的每个器官的大小和整体身体大小之间都有特定的关系，因此应该研究不同的身体大小性状以及它们的性二型性，这可能对身体大小的进化产生重要影响。我们调查了191个共等基因系的果蝇，他们中的每一个纯合的一个单一的P-元件插入，并评估了不同的身体大小性状的突变的影响相比，P-元件免费的共等基因控制。近60%的线显示出显着差异，相对于控制这些性状在一个或两个性别和近35%的性状和性别特异性的影响。候选基因突变经常增加男性的体型，减少女性的体型。在所鉴定的92个基因中，大多数参与发育和/或代谢过程，其分子功能主要包括蛋白质结合和核酸结合活性。虽然有几个基因表现出多效性的影响，在有关的身体大小，他们中的一些人参与的所有性状的表达在一个或两个性别。这些基因似乎对与生物体的一般功能有关的不同方面都很重要。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，体型性状的遗传结构涉及基因组的很大一部分，并且主要是性别和性状特异性的。
Even though substantial progress has been made to elucidate the physiological and environmental factors underpinning differences in body size, little is known about its genetic architecture. Furthermore, all animal species bear a specific relationship between the size of each organ and overall body size, so different body size traits should be investigated as well as their sexual dimorphism that may have an important impact on the evolution of body size. We have surveyed 191 co-isogenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster, each one of them homozygous for a single P-element insertion, and assessed the effects of mutations on different body size traits compared to the P-element-free co-isogenic control. Nearly 60% of the lines showed significant differences with respect to the control for these traits in one or both sexes and almost 35% showed trait- and sex-specific effects. Candidate gene mutations frequently increased body size in males and decreased it in females. Among the 92 genes identified, most are involved in development and/or metabolic processes and their molecular functions principally include protein-binding and nucleic acid-binding activities. Although several genes showed pleiotropic effects in relation to body size, few of them were involved in the expression of all traits in one or both sexes. These genes seem to be important for different aspects related to the general functioning of the organism. In general, our results indicate that the genetic architecture of body size traits involves a large fraction of the genome and is largely sex and trait specific.