TCM Substances in Neuropsychopharmacotherapy: Basic Aspects with a Focus on Depression
TCM Substances in Neuropsychopharmacotherapy: Basic Aspects with a Focus on Depression
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-56015-1_394-1
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Naoi;W. Maruyama;P. Riederer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Naoi;W. Maruyama;P. Riederer
抑郁症是最常见的异质性精神疾病之一。抑郁症的致病因素包括血清素、去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺系统失调、A 型单胺氧化酶活性增加、脑源性神经营养因子缺乏、海马神经发生受损和神经炎症。目前的抗抑郁药物，如三环类抗抑郁药、选择性血清素或去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂和单胺氧化酶抑制剂，是有效的，但约三分之一的患者对该疗法产生耐药性。中药、草药和植物源性植物化学物质被提议作为抑郁症的替代治疗剂。这篇综述介绍了饮食习惯、传统草药、圣约翰草、藏红花、西番莲、薰衣草、缬草、卡瓦酒和银杏叶及其植物化学成分的抗抑郁作用的分子机制。植物化学物质已被证明可以改变抑郁症的多种致病因素并改善临床前模型中的症状。流行病学和临床干预研究已经展示了草药和植物化学物质的一些有益作用。然而，大脑中密集的快速代谢和较差的生物利用度阻碍了植物化学物质的临床应用。讨论了基于植物化学支架的更有效和稳定的化合物的合成以及有效的递送系统的建立，以开发利用植物化学物质治疗抑郁症的新策略。
Depression is one of the most common complexes of heterogeneous psychiatric disorders. Etiopathogenic factors of depression are deregulation of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine systems, increased activity of type A monoamine oxidase, deficit of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and impaired neurogenesis in the hippocampus and neuroinflammation. Current antidepressant medicines, such as tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin, or noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, are effective, but about one-third of the patients are resistant to the therapy. Traditional Chinese medicine, herb, and plant-derived phytochemicals are proposed as alterative therapeutic agents in depression. This review presents molecular mechanisms underlying antidepressant effects of diet habits, traditional herbs, St John’s wort, saffron, passion flower, lavender, valerian, kava, andGinkgo biloba, and their phytochemical constituents. Phytochemicals have been proved to modify multiple pathogenic factors of depression and ameliorate the symptoms in preclinical models. The epidemiological and clinical intervention studies have presented some beneficial effects of herb and phytochemicals. However, the intensive rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability in the brain prevent the clinical application of phytochemicals. Synthesis of more effective and stable compounds based on phytochemical scaffold and establishment of effective delivery systems are discussed in order to develop novel therapeutic strategy for depressive disorders by use of phytochemicals.