Short-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Lung Function in the Framingham Heart Study
Short-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Lung Function in the Framingham Heart Study
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DOI：
10.1164/rccm.201308-1414oc
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Mittleman, Murray A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rice, Mary B.;Ljungman, Petter L.;Mittleman, Murray A.
理由：短期暴露于环境空气污染与肺功能降低有关。很少有研究检验在美国环境保护署（EPA）现行标准的相对较低的污染水平下，这些关联是否可以检测到。目的：在一项大型队列研究中，研究暴露于符合EPA标准的环境空气污染物和肺功能。方法：我们纳入了居住在马萨诸塞州波士顿哈佛超级监测站40公里范围内的Framingham后代和第三代队列的3262名参与者（5,358次检查，1995-2011），他们目前不是吸烟者，前一天的污染物水平符合EPA标准。我们比较了前一天暴露于直径小于2.5 μ m的颗粒物（PM2.5）、二氧化氮（NO2）和臭氧（O-3）在EPA空气质量指数“中等”范围内和暴露于“良好”范围后的肺功能（FEV1和FVC）。我们还研究了肺活量测定前1、2、3、5和7天的污染物浓度移动平均值与肺功能之间的线性关系。测量结果和主要结果：暴露在EPA空气质量指数“中等”范围内的污染物浓度与PM2.5的FEV1降低20.1毫升（95%置信区间[CI]， -33.4, -6.9）， NO2的FEV1降低30.6毫升（95% CI, -60.9, -0.2）， O-3的FEV1降低55.7毫升（95% CI, -100.7, -10.8）相比“良好”范围。PM2.5、NO2、O-3检测前1日和2日移动平均值与FEV1、FVC呈负相关。结论：在当前EPA标准下，短期暴露于PM2.5、NO2和O-3与该队列成人肺功能降低有关。
Rationale: Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with lower lung function. Few studies have examined whether these associations are detectable at relatively low levels of pollution within current U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards.Objectives: To examine exposure to ambient air pollutants within EPA standards and lung function in a large cohort study.Methods: We included 3,262 participants of the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation cohorts living within 40 km of the Harvard Supersite monitor in Boston, Massachusetts (5,358 examinations, 1995-2011) who were not current smokers, with previous-day pollutant levels in compliance with EPA standards. We compared lung function (FEV1 and FVC) after previous-day exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O-3) in the "moderate" range of the EPA Air Quality Index to exposure in the "good" range. We also examined linear relationships between moving averages of pollutant concentrations 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days before spirometry and lung function.Measurements and Main Results: Exposure to pollutant concentrations in the "moderate" range of the EPA Air Quality Index was associated with a 20.1-ml lower FEV1 for PM2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], -33.4, -6.9), a 30.6-ml lower FEV1 for NO2 (95% CI, -60.9, -0.2), and a 55.7-ml lower FEV1 for O-3 (95% CI, -100.7, -10.8) compared with the "good" range. The 1- and 2-day moving averages of PM2.5, NO2, and O-3 before testing were negatively associated with FEV1 and FVC.Conclusions: Short-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and O-3 within current EPA standards was associated with lower lung function in this cohort of adults.