Health problems and associated risk factors in selected urban and rural elderly population groups of South-West Nigeria
Health problems and associated risk factors in selected urban and rural elderly population groups of South-West Nigeria
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DOI：
10.4103/1596-3519.112398
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Owoaje, Eme T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abegunde, Kayode A.;Owoaje, Eme T.
背景：越来越多的老年人及其随之而来的健康问题对发展中国家的公共卫生计划产生了影响。然而，关于居住在尼日利亚主要城市以外的老年人的信息有限。因此，本研究旨在确定和比较尼日利亚奥约州城乡社区老年人普遍存在的健康问题及其相关危险因素。材料和方法：对尼日利亚西南部奥约州伊赛因(城市)和ILUA(农村)社区60岁及以上的自愿成年人进行横断面比较调查。采用整群抽样的方法，共调查630人，其中城市316人，农村314人。调查对象的社会人口学特征、生活方式、自我报告的健康问题等方面的信息。结果：城市调查对象的平均年龄为72.2~9.5岁，农村为70.8~8.1岁。女性(61.1%)多于男性(38.9%)。这两个地方自我报告的健康问题是相似的，包括性成就感降低，肌肉和下腰痛等肌肉骨骼问题。在临床检查中，主要健康问题为视力损害，城市为58.7%，农村为41.7%(P<；0.001)。城乡居民高血压患病率分别为38.3%和34.7%(P=0.35)。城市骨关节炎患病率为8.5%，明显高于农村的3.2%(P=0.004v)。在多变量分析中，女性、体重指数增加和月收入低是两个地区高血压的显著预测因素。结论：心血管、肌肉骨骼和视觉非传染性疾病在两个老年人群中都很普遍。社会条件和性别对老年人的健康状况起着重要作用。
Background: The increasing number of the elderly persons and their attendant health problems has implications on public health programs in developing countries. However, there is limited information on the elderly residing outside major cities in Nigeria. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine and compare prevalent health problems and associated risk factors in the elderly of urban and rural communities in Oyo State, Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional survey of consenting adults aged 60 years and above in Iseyin (urban) and Ilua (rural) communities of Oyo State in south-west, Nigeria. Using cluster sampling technique, a total of 630 respondents; 316 in the urban and 314 in the rural participated. Information was sought on the respondents socio-demographic characteristics, life style, self-reported health problems. Anthropometric measurements and clinical examination including blood pressure measurements and visual acuity were conducted.Results: The mean age of urban respondents was 72.2 9.5 years compared with 70.8 8.1 years in the rural. There were more females (61.1%) than males (38.9%) in both the locations. Self-reported health problems in both locations were similar and included reduced sexual fulfillment, musculoskeletal problems such as muscular and low back pain. On clinical examination, the main health problems were visual impairment 58.7% in the urban versus 41.7% in the rural (P < 0.001). Prevalence of hypertension among urban and rural respondents was 38.3% and 34.7%, respectively (P = 0.35). Osteoarthritis was significantly higher 8.5% in urban than 3.2% obtained in rural ( P = 0.004v). On multivariate analysis, female gender, increasing body mass index, and low monthly income were significant predictors of hypertension in both locations.Conclusions: Cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and visual noncommunicable diseases were prevalent in both elderly populations. Social conditions and gender play important role in the health status of the elderly.