The Sources of Organic Carbon in the Deepest Ocean: Implication From Bacterial Membrane Lipids in the Mariana Trench Zone
The Sources of Organic Carbon in the Deepest Ocean: Implication From Bacterial Membrane Lipids in the Mariana Trench Zone
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最深海洋中有机碳的来源：马里亚纳海沟区细菌膜脂的启示
DOI：
10.3389/feart.2021.653742
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发表时间：
2021-04
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Xiaotong Peng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiwei Li;Zhiyan Chen;Xinxin Li;Shun Chen;Hengchao Xu;Kaiwen Ta;Shamik Dasgupta;Shijie Bai;Mengran Du;Shuangquan Liu;Xiaotong Peng
与邻近的深海平原相比，深海沟的微生物碳周转率更高。然而，海沟中有机碳的来源仍然是个谜。本文通过对西北太平洋Mariana海沟和Yap海沟沉积物和岩石中古细菌类异戊二烯类GDGTs （IsoGDGTs）和细菌分支GDGTs （BrGDGTs）的分析，发现部分有机碳可能来源于海沟壁面水岩相互作用流体排放支持的化学自养群落，并与之相关。这些海沟沉积物含有相对较高的BrGDGTs比率，这在开阔的海洋中是罕见的。沉积物中brgdgt - isogdgt比值为0.02 ~ 0.88（平均= 0.10±0.11），蚀变岩中brgdgt - isogdgt比值为0.09 ~ 0.38（平均= 0.17±0.13）。支链和类异戊二烯四醚（BIT）指数计算值在沉积物中为0.02 ~ 0.73（平均0.18±0.11），蚀变岩中为0.16 ~ 0.9（平均0.37±0.27）。这些GDGTs与蚀变玄武岩具有相似的特征，表明有机碳输入来自海沟地下环境。因此，除了富含有机物的物质沉降外，我们认为海洋地壳的化学自养活动可能是海洋最深处有机碳的另一个来源，在深海碳循环中起着重要作用。
Hadal trenches have higher microbial carbon turnover rates as compared to adjacent abyssal plains. However, the source of organic carbon in the trench remains enigmatic. In this study, we show that a fraction of organic carbon is possibly derived in situ and correlated with chemoautotrophic communities supported by the fluid discharge of water-rock interaction in the trench wall, based on analysis of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) membrane lipids, including archaeal isoprenoid GDGTs (IsoGDGTs) and bacterial branched GDGTs (BrGDGTs), in sediments and rocks of the Mariana and Yap Trenches, northwest Pacific Ocean. These trench sediments contained relative higher BrGDGTs ratios, which was a rare observation in the open ocean. The BrGDGT-to-IsoGDGT ratios ranged in 0.02–0.88 (mean = 0.10 ± 0.11) in sediments and 0.09–0.38 (mean = 0.17 ± 0.13) in altered rocks. The calculated values of branched and isoprenoid tetraether (BIT) index ranged from 0.02–0.73 (mean = 0.18 ± 0.11) in sediments and from 0.16–0.9 in altered rocks (mean = 0.37 ± 0.27). Moreover, these GDGTs exhibited similar characteristics to those of altered basalt rocks, indicating inputs of organic carbon from the trench subsurface environment. Thus, in addition to organic-rich material settling, we propose chemoautotrophic activity in oceanic crust could be an additional source of organic carbon in the deepest part of the ocean, with an important role in deep-sea carbon cycles.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1805186115
发表时间：
2018-10-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Weber Y;Sinninghe Damsté JS;Zopfi J;De Jonge C;Gilli A;Schubert CJ;Lepori F;Lehmann MF;Niemann H
通讯作者：
Niemann H
影响因子：
3
作者：
J. Kaiser;Stefan Schouten;R. Kilian;H. Arz;F. Lamy;J. Damsté
通讯作者：
J. Kaiser;Stefan Schouten;R. Kilian;H. Arz;F. Lamy;J. Damsté
影响因子：
5
作者：
Masanobu Yamamoto;A. Shimamoto;T. Fukuhara;Yuichiro Tanaka
通讯作者：
Masanobu Yamamoto;A. Shimamoto;T. Fukuhara;Yuichiro Tanaka
影响因子：
3
作者：
L. M. Wenger;G. Isaksen
通讯作者：
L. M. Wenger;G. Isaksen
影响因子：
3
作者：
J. Weijers;E. Schefuß;Jung-Hyun Kim;J. Damsté;Stefan Schouten
通讯作者：
J. Weijers;E. Schefuß;Jung-Hyun Kim;J. Damsté;Stefan Schouten