CADMIUM FUME INHALATION AND EMPHYSEMA
CADMIUM FUME INHALATION AND EMPHYSEMA
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(88)91474-2
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发表时间：
1988-03-26
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
GOMPERTZ, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DAVISON, AG;TAYLOR, AJN;GOMPERTZ, D
将 101 名曾在铜镉合金制造行业工作 1 年或以上的男性的肺功能和胸片与年龄、性别和就业状况相匹配的参照组进行比较。两组的香烟消费量相似。镉工人有过多的肺功能异常和与肺气肿一致的放射学变化。根据估计的累积镉暴露量或通过中子活化分析测量的肝镉对镉工人按暴露类别进行分类，结果表明，累积镉暴露量或肝镉最高的工人的肺功能异常最为严重。镉工作人员和参考对象之间的转移系数 (KCO) 差异随着累积暴露量的增加而线性增加，但没有证据表明存在阈值。受雇 5 年或以上、累积接触 2000 年的镉工人的 KCO 估计平均减少量.cntdot。 .mu.g .cntdot。 m-3（在 40 年的工作寿命内，暴露于当前英国控制限值 50 .mu.g .cntdot. m-3）介于 0.05 至 0.3 mmol .cntdot 之间。 min-1 .cntdot。 kPa-1 .cntdot。 l-1（95% 置信区间）。这种减少与在这组工人中观察到的肺气肿功能和放射学变化一致。
Lung function and chest radiographs of 101 men who had worked for 1 or more years manufacturing copper-cadmium alloy were compared with those of a referent group matched for age, sex, and employment status. Cigarette consumption was similar in the two groups. The cadmium workers had an excess of abnormalities of lung function and of radiographic changes consistent with emphysema. Classification of the cadmium workers by exposure categories based on either estimated cumulative cadmium exposure or liver cadmium measured by neutron activation analysis showed that abnormalities of lung function were greatest in those with the highest cumulative cadmium exposure or liver cadmium. The difference in the transfer coefficient (KCO) between cadmium workers and referents increased linearly with increasing cumulative exposure without evidence for a threshold. The estimated mean decrement in KCO for a cadmium worker employed 5 or more years with a cumulative exposure of 2000 yr .cntdot. .mu.g .cntdot. m-3 (exposure to the current UK control limit of 50 .mu.g .cntdot. m-3 for a working lifetime of 40 yr) lies between 0.05 and 0.3 mmol .cntdot. min-1 .cntdot. kPa-1 .cntdot. l-1 (95% confidence interval). This decrement is consistent with the functional and radiological changes of emphysema observed in this group of workers.