Developmental trajectories of cigarette smoking from adolescence to the early thirties: Personality and behavioral risk factors
Developmental trajectories of cigarette smoking from adolescence to the early thirties: Personality and behavioral risk factors
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DOI：
10.1080/14622200802238993
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Finch, Stephen J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brook, David W.;Brook, Judith S.;Finch, Stephen J.
这项研究的目的是确定不同的轨迹吸烟从14岁到32岁，并检查青少年的个性因素，区分轨迹的吸烟行为。参与者（N=975）是随机选择的，自1975年以来进行了前瞻性随访。在五个时间点收集了关于吸烟、个性和行为属性的后续数据，使用由训练有素的访谈者私下进行的结构化访谈。在这些受试者中，746例构成了本研究中使用的队列。生长混合模型确定了五个吸烟轨迹组：不吸烟者，偶尔吸烟者，晚启动者，戒烟者和重度/持续吸烟者。青少年的个性和行为风险因素，如较低的自我整合，更多的外化行为，和较低的教育愿望区分轨迹组。未发现性别差异。研究结果支持了多个不同的吸烟行为轨迹组的假设。吸烟行为出现在青春期早期，通常持续到成年。情感障碍（即，较低的自我整合），外化行为，以及较低的教育抱负在青春期早期都与吸烟在早期年龄和继续吸烟到30多岁。为了更有效，吸烟预防计划应该在吸烟成为习惯之前针对个性和行为变化，特别是关注反映行为问题的特征，如情绪困难，外化行为和青春期早期的低教育愿望。研究，预防和治疗的影响进行了讨论。
The purpose of this study was to identify distinct trajectories of cigarette smoking from ages 14 to 32, and to examine adolescent personality factors that distinguish trajectories of smoking behavior. Participants (N=975) were randomly selected and followed prospectively since 1975. Follow-up data on cigarette use and personality and behavioral attributes were collected at five points in time, using structured interviews given in private by trained interviewers. Of these subjects, 746 comprised the cohort used in this study. Growth mixture modeling identified five smoking trajectory groups: nonsmokers, occasional smokers, late starters, quitters, and heavy/continuous smokers. Adolescent personality and behavioral risk factors such as lower ego integration, more externalizing behavior, and lower educational aspirations distinguished the trajectory groups. No gender differences were noted. The findings supported the hypotheses indicating multiple distinct trajectory groups of smoking behavior. Smoking behavior appeared in early adolescence and most often continued into adulthood. Emotional difficulties (i.e., lower ego integration), externalizing behavior, and lower educational aspirations in early adolescence were associated both with smoking at an early age and with continuing to smoke into the thirties. To be more effective, smoking prevention programs should target personality and behavioral variations before smoking becomes habitual, particularly focused on characteristics reflecting behavioral problems as manifested in emotional difficulties, externalizing behavior, and low educational aspirations in early adolescence. The implications for research, prevention, and treatment are discussed.