Molecular Imaging with Targeted Contrast Ultrasound
Molecular Imaging with Targeted Contrast Ultrasound
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DOI：
10.1016/j.copbio.2007.01.004
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Lindner, Jonathan R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piedra, Mark;Allroggen, Achim;Lindner, Jonathan R.
分子成像与对比超声依赖于检测目标微泡或其他声活性纳米颗粒。这些微泡保留在病变组织中，因为它们在超声场中的共振特性而产生声信号。靶向是通过操纵微泡外壳的化学性质或通过将靶向分子的疾病特异性配体偶联到微泡表面来实现的。由于微泡不能离开血管内空间，疾病过程必须以血管腔室的分子变化为特征才能成像。炎症、血管生成和血栓形成是许多疾病状态的中心病理生理过程，并在血管间室产生表型变化。因此，在未来，靶向超声造影可以帮助诊断各种疾病，如动脉粥样硬化，移植排斥反应和肿瘤相关的发生。分子成像与对比增强超声使用目标微泡保留在病变组织。这些微泡的共振特性在超声场中产生声信号。通过在微泡外壳中使用某些化学成分或通过将疾病特异性配体（如抗体）附着到微泡上，微泡可以靶向病变组织。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了该技术在脑血管系统病理状态中的应用，包括动脉粥样硬化、肿瘤血管生成、缺血、血管内血栓和炎症。
Molecular imaging with contrast ultrasound relies on the detection of targeted microbubbles or other acoustically active nanoparticles. These microbubbles are retained in diseased tissue where they produce an acoustic signal because of their resonant properties in the ultrasound field. Targeting is accomplished either through manipulating the chemical properties of the microbubble shell or through conjugation of disease-specific ligands for the targeted molecule to the microbubble surface. As microbubbles cannot leave the intravascular space, the disease process must be characterized by molecular changes in the vascular compartment to be imaged. Inflammation, angiogenesis and thrombus formation are central pathophysiologic processes in many disease states and produce phenotypic changes in the vascular compartment. Thus, targeted contrast ultrasound in the future could aid in the diagnosis of such diverse diseases as atherosclerosis, transplant rejection and tumor-related genesis.Molecular imaging with contrast-enhanced ultrasound uses targeted microbubbles that are retained in diseased tissue. The resonant properties of these microbubbles produce acoustic signals in an ultrasound field. The microbubbles are targeted to diseased tissue by using certain chemical constituents in the microbubble shell or by attaching disease-specific ligands such as antibodies to the microbubble. In this review, we discuss the applications of this technique to pathological states in the cerebrovascular system including atherosclerosis, tumor angiogenesis, ischemia, intravascular thrombus, and inflammation.