Searching for the Immature Stages of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Leaf Litter and Soil in Texas.
Searching for the Immature Stages of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Leaf Litter and Soil in Texas.
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在德克萨斯州的落叶层和土壤中寻找肩胛硬蜱（螨：硬蜱科）的未成熟阶段。
DOI：
10.1093/jme/tjy157
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Medina,RaulF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tietjen,Mackenzie;Esteve-Gassent,MariaD;Medina,RaulF
在美国北部，标准的标记法和拖拉法成功地收集了黑腿硬蜱的所有阶段(Acari：Ixodidae)然而，由于未知的原因，这些方法不能成功地收集未成熟阶段的I。美国南部的肩胛骨。因此，采用了一种不同的收集策略来寻找I的不成熟阶段。得克萨斯州南部的肩周炎。在大西克特国家级自然保护区，对三种可能藏匿扁虱的微生境进行了为期17个月的每月采样。叶凋落物、表土和底土的样本被放置在Berlese漏斗中，以确定I的未成熟阶段。肩胛骨位于这些层中。在被检查的600个底物样本中，没有任何一个发现扁虱。沿着附近的步道边缘，在同一地区，656成人。用旗帜和拖曳的方法收集了268只其他物种的未成熟幼体(即美洲Amblyomma americanum(Linnaeaus)和变色革螨(Desmacentor Varibilis，Say))，平均每1000平方米有22.6只。这些结果表明，与之前在美国南部进行的研究不同的是，I的不成熟阶段。在德克萨斯州，肩周炎可能不存在于落叶层和土层中。我们推测它们可能住在寄主的巢和洞穴里。也许是吧。南方的肩胛虫表现出一种特定阶段的混合寄主策略，作为幼虫栖息在巢和洞穴中，这是导致美国北部和南部莱姆病流行的地理差异的原因。
The standard tick collection methods of flagging and dragging are successful for collecting all stages of the blacklegged tick,Ixodes scapularis(Say) (Acari: Ixodidae), in the northern United States. However, for unknown reasons, these methods are unsuccessful for collecting the immature stages ofI. scapularisin the southern United States. Thus, a different collection strategy was employed to search for the immature stages ofI. scapularisin the southern state of Texas. Monthly sampling of three types of microhabitats potentially harboring ticks was conducted for 17 mo at the Big Thicket National Preserve. Samples of leaf litter, topsoil, and subsoil were placed within Berlese funnels to determine if the immature stages ofI. scapularisare residing in these layers. No ticks were found in any of the 600 substrate samples examined. Along nearby trail edges in the same area, 656 adultI. scapularis(an average of 22.6 per 1,000 m2), as well as 268 immatures of other species (i.e.,Amblyomma americanum(Linnaeaus) (Acari: Ixodidae) andDermacentor variabilis(Say) (Acari: Ixodidae)) were collected using flagging and dragging. These results suggest that unlike speculations from previous studies in the southern United States, the immature stages ofI. scapularismay not be residing in the leaf litter and soil layers in Texas. We hypothesize that they may be residing in their host’s nests and burrows. PerhapsI. scapularisin the south is exhibiting a stage specific mixed host-seeking strategy by residing in nests and burrows as immatures, contributing to the geographical difference in Lyme disease prevalence between the northern and southern United States.