Influence of contrasting stocking densities on the dynamics of above-ground biomass and wood density of Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, and Eucalyptus grandis for bioenergy in Uruguay
Influence of contrasting stocking densities on the dynamics of above-ground biomass and wood density of Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, and Eucalyptus grandis for bioenergy in Uruguay
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2019.02.007
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发表时间：
2019-04-15
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Casnati, Cecilia Rachid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Resquin, Fernando;Navarro-Cerrillo, Rafael M.;Casnati, Cecilia Rachid
在南美洲，有人建议采用短轮伐期种植园来开发可再生能源。本研究评价了本氏桉（Eucalyptus benthamii）、班氏桉（E. dunnii和E. grandis人工林在2220，3330，4440和6660树公顷（-1）的放养密度在北部（Tacuarembo）和西部（Paysandu）的乌拉圭，超过76个月的时间。物种生存与种植密度无关，最高的死亡率发生在Tacuarembo。树体竞争的影响对E.奶奶。在Tacuarembo试验点，76月龄的平均存活率分别为：E. benthamii、刺尾草E. dunnii和E. grandis分别。不同种植密度的成活率相似，范围在50%至57%之间。在Paysandu试验点，该物种的平均存活率分别为：E. benthamii、刺尾草E. dunnii和E.不同种植密度对香樟、香樟、香樟的生长抑制率在78 ~ 84%之间。在整个评价期间，两个研究中心的天气条件（温度和降雨量）相似。对2592株树木进行破坏性抽样，测定木材密度、单株生物量和总生物量（分别为kg树（-1）和Mg ha（-1）），并利用树木的胸径（cm）和总高（m）建立对数生物量方程。木材密度随着作物的年龄增加，只有在Paysandu。平均而言，木材密度从18个月龄的0.405 g cm（-3）增加到76个月龄的0.497 g cm（-3）。76个月时，木材密度最高。benthamii（0.413和0.431 g cm（-3））和E. Dunnii（0.496和0.539 g cm（-3））。年龄对Tacuarembo的木材密度没有影响。茎生物量与种植密度呈反比例关系。单茎生物量以E. grandis（在Tacuarembo和Paysandu平均分别为81和74公斤树（-1））比其他物种。最高的生物量每公顷达到最高的种植密度，特别是E。dunnii（193 mgha（-1））和E. grandis（203 Mg ha（-1））; dunnii（157毫克公顷（-1））。在这两个地点，对比种植密度对生物量生产的影响增加整个旋转。
Short-rotation plantations have been suggested to develop renewable energies in South America. Our study evaluated the biomass production of Eucalyptus benthamii, E. dunnii and E. grandis plantations at stocking densities of 2220, 3330, 4440 and 6660 trees ha(-1) in the North (Tacuarembo) and West (Paysandu) of Uruguay, over a 76-month period. The species survival was not related to planting density, and the highest mortality rates occurred at Tacuarembo. The effects of tree competition were more evident for E. grandis. At Tacuarembo site, the average survival of the species were: 57, 57 and 46% at age 76 months for E. benthamii, E. dunnii and E. grandis, respectively. Survival rates were similar for the different planting densities, with ranges between 50 and 57%. At Paysandu site, the average survival of the species were: 83, 86 and 75% for E. benthamii, E. dunnii and E. grandis, respectively, with a range from 78 to 84% for different planting densities. Weather conditions (temperature and rainfall) were similar at both sites throughout the evaluation period. Wood density and individual and total biomass weight (kg tree(-1) and Mg ha(-1), respectively) were evaluated sampling destructively 2592 trees and logarithmic biomass equations were developed using the diameter at breast height (cm) and total height (m) of the trees. Wood density increased with the age of the crop only at Paysandu. On average, wood density increased from 0.405 g cm(-3) at age 18 months to 0.497 g cm(-3) at age 76 months. The highest wood density was observed at 76 months on E. benthamii (0.413 and 0.431 g cm(-3)) and E. dunnii (0.496 and 0.539 g cm(-3)) at Tacuarembo and Paysandu, respectively. Age had no effect on the wood density at Tacuarembo. The stem biomass showed an inversely-proportional relationship with the planting density. Individual stem biomass was higher for E. grandis (81 and 74 kg tree(-1) on average at Tacuarembo and Paysandu, respectively) than for the other species. The highest biomass per hectare was achieved for the highest planting density, specifically for E. dunnii (193 Mg ha(-1)) and E. grandis (203 Mg ha(-1)) at Paysandu and for E. dunnii (157 Mg ha(-1)) at Tacuarembo. At both locations, the effects of contrasting planting densities on biomass production increased throughout the rotation.