The Regime Shifts Database: a framework for analyzing regime shifts in social-ecological systems
The Regime Shifts Database: a framework for analyzing regime shifts in social-ecological systems
复制标题
DOI：
10.5751/es-10264-230309
复制
发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Rocha, Juan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biggs, Reinette;Peterson, Garry D.;Rocha, Juan C.
政权更迭，即，生态系统和社会-生态系统发生大规模、持续和通常意想不到的变化，可能对生态系统服务产生重大影响，从而影响人类福祉。然而，不同区域对各种状态变化的脆弱性在很大程度上是未知的，因为不同生态系统和世界不同地区存在状态变化的证据是分散的，而且非常不平衡。此外，研究往往侧重于个别政权转变，而不是对政权转变进行比较，从而限制了确定共同驱动因素的潜力，而共同驱动因素可以减少同时发生多个政权转变的风险。在这里，我们介绍了制度变迁数据库，一个开放式的数据库，系统地综合信息的社会生态制度变迁在广泛的系统使用一致的，比较的框架，为环境规划，评估，研究和教学举措提供了广泛的信息资源。该数据库目前包含28种一般类型的政权转移和300多个具体案例研究。每个条目都提供了一个基于文献的综述，介绍了造成制度转变的主要驱动因素和反馈，以及对生态系统服务和人类福祉的影响，以及可能的管理备选方案。在28次政权更迭中，气候变化和农业相关活动是众多驱动因素中最突出的。生物多样性、渔业和水生生态系统受到的影响尤其广泛，人类福祉的关键方面，包括生计、粮食和营养以及一系列文化生态系统服务也受到影响。我们希望，该数据库将刺激进一步的研究和教学的政权转移，可以告知政策和实践，并最终提高我们的集体能力，以管理和治理大，突然，系统性的变化在人类世。
Regime shifts, i.e., large, persistent, and usually unexpected changes in ecosystems and social-ecological systems, can have major impacts on ecosystem services, and consequently, on human well-being. However, the vulnerability of different regions to various regime shifts is largely unknown because evidence for the existence of regime shifts in different ecosystems and parts of the world is scattered and highly uneven. Furthermore, research tends to focus on individual regime shifts rather than comparisons across regime shifts, limiting the potential for identifying common drivers that could reduce the risk of multiple regime shifts simultaneously. Here, we introduce the Regime Shifts Database, an open-access database that systematically synthesizes information on social-ecological regime shifts across a wide range of systems using a consistent, comparative framework, providing a wide-ranging information resource for environmental planning, assessment, research, and teaching initiatives. The database currently contains 28 generic types of regime shifts and > 300 specific case studies. Each entry provides a literature-based synthesis of the key drivers and feedbacks underlying the regime shift, as well as impacts on ecosystem services and human well-being, and possible management options. Across the 28 regime shifts, climate change and agriculture-related activities are the most prominent among a wide range of drivers. Biodiversity, fisheries, and aquatic ecosystems are particularly widely affected, as are key aspects of human well-being, including livelihoods, food and nutrition, and an array of cultural ecosystem services. We hope that the database will stimulate further research and teaching on regime shifts that can inform policy and practice and ultimately enhance our collective ability to manage and govern large, abrupt, systemic changes in the Anthropocene.