Nanoscale magnetic sensing with an individual electronic spin in diamond
Nanoscale magnetic sensing with an individual electronic spin in diamond
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DOI：
10.1038/nature07279
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发表时间：
2008-10-02
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Lukin, M. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maze, J. R.;Stanwix, P. L.;Lukin, M. D.
纳米尺度空间分辨率的弱磁场检测是生物和物理科学领域的一个突出问题（1-5）。例如，在10纳米的距离上，单个电子的自旋产生的磁场约为1 μ T，而单个质子产生的相应磁场为几纳特斯拉。一种能够以纳米空间分辨率检测这种磁场的传感器将实现强大的应用，从检测复杂生物分子中单个电子或核自旋的磁共振信号（5,6）到读取电子或核自旋存储器中编码的经典或量子比特信息(7)。在这里，我们通过实验证明了一种纳米级磁传感的方法，在室温下使用与金刚石中氮空位杂质相关的单个电子自旋量子位的相干操作(8)。利用超纯金刚石样品，经过100秒的平均后，我们实现了在千赫兹频率下对3nt磁场的检测。此外，我们证明了直径为30 nm的金刚石纳米晶体的灵敏度为0.5 μ THz（-1/2）。
Detection of weak magnetic fields with nanoscale spatial resolution is an outstanding problem in the biological and physical sciences(1-5). For example, at a distance of 10 nm, the spin of a single electron produces a magnetic field of about 1 mu T, and the corresponding field from a single proton is a few nanoteslas. A sensor able to detect such magnetic fields with nanometre spatial resolution would enable powerful applications, ranging from the detection of magnetic resonance signals from individual electron or nuclear spins in complex biological molecules(5,6) to readout of classical or quantum bits of information encoded in an electron or nuclear spin memory(7). Here we experimentally demonstrate an approach to such nanoscale magnetic sensing, using coherent manipulation of an individual electronic spin qubit associated with a nitrogen- vacancy impurity in diamond at room temperature(8). Using an ultra- pure diamond sample, we achieve detection of 3 nT magnetic fields at kilohertz frequencies after 100 s of averaging. In addition, we demonstrate a sensitivity of 0.5 mu THz(-1/2) for a diamond nanocrystal with a diameter of 30 nm.